【作者】 孙静；

【导师】 黄清； 杨铭铎；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 我国旅游业的发展是先发展入境旅游，接待的主要对象是国外旅游型和商务型客源，作为旅游业三大支柱产业之一的酒店业为了适应国外客源需求也必然优先发展高档酒店，这就使我国的中、高档酒店发展一直处于酒店业的主流。但是随着我国对外开放程度的提高以及国内旅游的快速发展，国内外客源不断增长，其中不乏大量工薪阶层的旅游者和一般的公务商务人群，由此导致我国酒店业的供给结构不平衡。而酒店业的新兴业态形式——经济型酒店的出现则改变了我国酒店业的供给状况，并以其特有的经营模式、市场定位、产品定价等受到消费者的欢迎。因此如何加快建设我国经济型酒店，使其健康、快速、稳定的发展就成为我国酒店业发展的一项重要研究课题。 本文在现代企业理论、产业组织理论和旅游经济理论的基础上，探讨了我国经济型酒店发展的理论依据。通过分析国外经济型酒店的发展历程及研究成果，为我国经济型酒店的发展方向提供了一定的参考依据。利用波特竞争模型分析了我国经济型酒店的行业发展环境，阐述了我国经济型酒店发展的竞争优势与障碍，进而提出由于经济型酒店进入壁垒和退出壁垒较低，势必会加剧经济型酒店的竞争。因而经济型酒店应将成本领先战略和差异化战略相结合，通过整合资源、降低采购成本和产品创新来适应激烈的市场竞争。 本文对我国经济型酒店的市场需求和供给进行了重点分析：通过宏观数据、问卷调查和SPSS统计分析方法，从宏观层面上对经济型酒店的市场需求和市场供给的规模和发展趋势进行了系统分析；从微观层面上对经济型酒店的市场客源特征、消费行为和满意度进行了详细的量化分析，从而为我国经济型酒店市场定位、产品设计和服务质量管理提供了依据。 本文提出我国经济型酒店要采用连锁经营方式，降低成本，实现规模效益。文中阐述了国外经济型酒店主要采用的三种连锁经营模式，对我国经济型酒店实施连锁经营进行了SWOT分析，提出我国经济型酒店连锁经营应采取增强型战略，扩大连锁经营的规模，并指出了我国经济型酒店实施连锁经营的路径。 在经济型酒店的成本控制上，本文引入战略成本管理思想。通过对经济型酒店的价值链和成本动因分析，提出了其成本控制的关键点，即经济型酒店的非核心业务实施外包和建立扁平式组织结构，同时指出要有效减少经济型酒店的投资成本和经营成本。文中利用层次分析法和遗传算法建立了经济型酒店外包商的评价和选择模型，为科学地选择外包商、降低外包经营风险提供了定量参考依据。 本文还根据我国经济型酒店的总体发展状况，从行业管理、投资、市场营销、产品和服务质量管理、人才培养、品牌和集团化发展等方面提出了具体的对策建议，为政府与企业的决策提供可借鉴的参考，进一步促进我国经济型酒店的健康持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese tourist industry started with inbound tour, whose main customers were foreign and business visitors. As one of the pillar industries of tourism, hotel industry started from development of luxury hotels, which made the development of middle and high level hotels the mainstream of the industry. With increasing of the openness and the development of domestic travel, the customers at home and abroad grow rapidly including large amount of salaried class and common business travelers, which makes imbalance of hotelsupply situation. After a new hotel form------ economic hotel appears, the hotel supply structure in Chinahas been changed, which is welcomed by consumers for its operation model, marketing positioning and product price. So, how to increase development of economic hotel in our country, to promote its healthily, rapidly and stably development will be an important research topic.This paper attempts to build a theory foundation of economic hotel development based on enterprise operation, industry economic principal. It also provides a frame of reference on the basis of the analysis of features and stages of economic hotel development abroad. It states the advantages and obstacles by using Porter competition model. It then proceeds to demonstrate that the increasing competition is the result of lower entry and exit barrier. Therefore, it is essential to combine leading and differentiation strategies by integrating resources, reducing cost and innovating products.This paper emphasizes on the analysis of market demand and supply of economic hotels. With the methods of data statistics, questionnaire survey and SPSS, it also identifies the customer features, consumer behavior from macro and micro facets respectively. It lays a good foundation for market positioning, product design and quality management.This paper introduces the franchising method that should be taken in the market of China’s economic hotel to expand further scale and reduce the cost. Three franchising medels of foreign countries have been mentioned in this paper, it also make SWOT analysis for economic hotels in China in order to show that enhancing strategies must be conducted.As far as the cost-effective is concerned, it raises the idea of strategic management of cost. By analysis of the value chains and the cost agent, it raises the idea that the key of cost-control is outsourcing the unnecessities of the core business and establishing flat organization structure, and the idea of reducing investing and operating cost of economic hotel. This paper supply quota reference for selecting outsourcers and reducing outsourcing cost.Finally, according to the general status of economic development in China, this paper also renders reference for governments and enterprises on decision-makings to ensure sustainable development of economic hotels in China.更多还原