【作者】 梁平；

【导师】 赵韩；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 产品数据的共享和交换是实现企业信息化的关键技术之一。当前,建立在关系数据库基础之上的产品数据存储和交换是人们实现上述目标的主要方法。但产品数据类型复杂且具有对象特征,同关系模式不匹配。因此,在关系数据库中实现时要进行关系数据和对象数据之间的模式转换,难以保证产品数据的一致性和完整性,并且在异构网络和跨地区的系统集成中不够灵活方便。进入21世纪,并行工程、虚拟企业、全球制造、绿色制造等新的制造理念将彻底改变传统的制造模式。为了适应新形势发展的需要,企业信息系统的集成对产品数据的共享和交换又提出了更高的要求。一方面,需要共享的数据将覆盖产品的全生命周期。另一方面,产品数据要求在异构网络、异构系统和不同企业间实现共享和交换。建立在关系数据库基础上的产品数据集成方案显然已不符合新的需要。 可扩展标记语言(XML)是W3C组织推荐的数据表示语言,受到了人们的广泛重视,已渐渐成为网络间数据交换的事实标准。XML技术为实现异构网络下产品数据的共享和交换提供了新的解决方案。伴随着XML技术产生的XML本源数据库(NXD)是一种新的数据库,尽管技术上还不成熟,但在存储XML数据和具有对象特征的产品数据方面具有非常大的优势。构建专门用于存储产品全生命周期数据的XML本源数据库,将有可能成为解决产品数据共享和交换问题的新办法。由于XML本源数据库刚刚产生不久,人们对它在产品数据存储方面的应用研究几乎没有见到。论文利用XML相关技术,围绕着建立以存储产品生命周期数据为目的的XML本源数据库进行了深入的研究。论文的研究不仅为产品数据共享和交换提出了新方法,而且为建立产品数据的国际XML标准提供启示和帮助。本论文的主要内容和创新为: (1)提出了建立面向产品生命周期数据的XML本源数据库(PLM-NXD)管理系统的思想。在对XML数据库和产品生命周期数据研究的基础上,首次提出了建立专门用于管理产品生命周期数据的特殊类型的NXD。PLM-NXD具有一般NXD管理XML数据的功能,同时又是专门为管理产品数据而设计的。对它的研究为产品数据的管理提供了一种新的解决方案。 (2)建立了产品生命周期数据的XML模式结构。XML是当前网络下数据交换的重要手段,统一的模式结构是利用XML技术实现网络下产品数据共享的基础。建立产品生命周期数据的XML模式不仅有利于PLM-NXD系统的建立,也保证了不同系统间产品XML数据的一致性,有利于实现产品数据的共享,有利于建立产品生命周期数据的国际XML标准。以构建的产品数据对象UML模式为基础,建立了产品生命周期数据的XML模式,包括:产品数据总XML模式、产品结构与文档数据的XML模式、项目数据XML模式、工作流数据XML模式、团队数据XML模式等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sharing and exchanging product data is one of the key techniques on realizing enterprise information system. The main method is achieved by storing product data on Relational Database (RDB) currently. But the type of product data is complicated and has the character of object-oriented data. Achieving by storing product data on Relational Database needs to transform data between relational data and object-oriented data, and therefore is difficult to ensure consistency and integrality of product data;besides, it is not flexible and convenient of system integration in heterogeneous networks and spanned regions. Traditional manufactural pattern will be changed by new manufactural ideas in the 21st century, such as Concurrent Engineering (CE), Virtual Enterprise (VE), Global Manufacturing (GM), Green Manufacturing (GM), and so on. In order to adapt to the needs of the new position, the integration of enterprise information system needs higher requirement to sharing and exchanging product data. On the one hand, the shared data will cover with the whole product life cycle. On the other hand, the product data will be shared and changed in the heterogeneous networks and systems. The integration of the product data based on RDB does not accord with the new requirement.Extensible Mark Language (XML) is a data-express language recommended by W3C. XML is paid attention to by people and is becoming a standard of exchanging data in the network. XML offers a new resolution of sharing and exchanging product data in the heterogeneous networks. Native XML Database (NXD) is a new database technique appearing with XML. Despite the immature technique, NXD has the enormous advantage of the storing of the XML data and the product data having object-oriented character. Establishing NXD for storing product life cycle data will be a new method of resolving the problem of sharing and exchanging product data. Because NXD appears shortly, the research of storing product data by using of NXD is scarcely seen. The paper studies the techniques of storing XML data and researches establishing the NXD for storing product life cycle data. The research not only provides a new method of sharing and exchanging product data but also provides the elicitation and assistance of establishing the international XML standard of product data. The main works and major contributions are as follows:(1) The idea of creating the NXD of the product life cycle data (PLM-NXD) is put forward. Establishing a peculiar NXD that technically stores the product life cycle data is brought forward based on the research on the NXD and the product life cycle. PLM-NXD hasthe common function of managing XML data. Furthermore, it has the function of managing the special data of product life cycle. The research provides a new solution of managing product data.(2) The XML schema of the product life cycle data is established. XML is an important means for exchanging data. The uniform structure of the product data is the foundation of sharing the product data in heterogeneous networks. Establishing XML pattern of the product data has the advantages of creating PLM-NXD and is propitious to exchanging product data by using of XML technique in different systems. Furthermore, it makes for establishing the international XML standard of the product life cycle data. The XML schema of the product life cycle data is constructed based on the object-oriented UML pattern. The whole XML schema of the product life cycle data, the XML schema of the product structure and document data, the XML schema of the project data, the XML schema of the workflow data, the XML schema of the team data is created.(3) The structure of the product XML data is simplified and the techniques of storing and parsing the XML data of PLM-NXD are researched. PLM-NXD is technically applied to the product data. The method of structuring XML data is brought forward based on the character of the product data and a new alterative OEM pattern (POEM) is established. The system structure of the PLM-NXD index is researched. The features of the XML data parsing methods of SAX, DOM, StAX are researched and the data parsing method of PLM-NXD is ascertained.(4) The thinking of establishing XML querying language for the product data is put forward. The querying language is a simple and effective mode of visiting data. Establishing the special querying language of the product data is not only propitious to realizing the PLM-NXD but also propitious to establishing the standard of querying product data on network. The idea of extending XQuery and establishing a special XML querying language for the product data is brought forward. The concept of the object-oriented expression of the product data is put forward and the semantics is presented.(5) The applied modes of the PLM-NXD are researched. PLM-NXD can replace the commercial databases and be applied to integrating the systems of the different enterprises. In addition, PLM-NXD can resolve the problems of sharing product data in the heterogeneous networks and systems. The resolutions of solely applying the NXD to the local database of the enterprise, the resolutions of applying the NXD with RDB, the resolutions of applying the NXD to the whole database of the enterprise are brought forward. The system structure is also researched.更多还原