【作者】 张延；

【导师】 唐锦春；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 结构工程， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 地震是严重危害人类生命及财产安全的自然灾害之一,在土木工程中,结构抗震抗风的积极有效措施是对结构进行振动控制。结构减震控制能有效减小地震对结构物造成的损害,已经成为广泛的共识。 按照控制方式的不同,结构的振动控制可以分为主动控制、被动控制、半主动控制、混合控制和智能控制五种。 本文研究在地震作用下钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构的非线性地震反应与非线性地震反应主动控制的理论和方法。 在地震过程中,结构构件处于非线性阶段。而现有的模型一般不考虑构件的非线性剪切特性及轴力变化对截面抗弯刚度和强度的影响。本文在非线性分析中,采用修正的Soleimani分段式变刚度单元来模拟钢筋混凝土—框架剪力墙结构构件的工作,单元刚度矩阵考虑了钢筋滑移的影响、构件材料非线性和几何非线性、构件的非线性剪切效应,以及构件轴力变化对截面非线性抗弯刚度的影响,并对恢复力模型刚度拐点提出了精确的处理方法。 本文在研究钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构的地震作用下非线性分析的基础上,建立了在修正Soleimani分段式变刚度单元基础上的增量型最优控制方法,通过对具体工程的分析和计算,验证了本文的理论和方法能够达到结构主动控制的目的。 本文编制了可以考虑震级、震中距、场地土条件影响的直接拟合目标反应谱的人工地震动合成程序、钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构在地震作用下的非线性地震反应时程分析程序及结构地震作用下的非线性主动控制程序,所有程序的计算结果和实际震害相吻合,表明本文提出的方法和编制的程序可靠。更多还原

【Abstract】 Earthquake is one of the serious disaster threatening human being’s life and belongings. In civil engineering, the most progressive measure to alleviate the affection is structural control. Structural vibration control is widely recognized as an effective way of mitigating catastrophic damage of structures induced by earthquakes.Structural control can be classified as follows: active control, passive control, semi-active control , hybrid control and smartal control.This dissertation studies the theories and methods of analysis and active control of nonlinear seimic responses of reinforced concrete frame — wall structures under earthquake motions.The structures are idealized as the assemblage of prismatic members with rigid zones at ends. A modified element model with varied stiffness in different region is proposed to stimulate the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete elements. The plastic flexural stiffness of reinforced concrete elements determined from moment — curvature hysteretic model including the pinching effect are modified to include the effects of axial force fluctuation in columns and walls on the flexural stiffness and strength of reinforced concrete sections. A simple nonlinear shear model, which provides a new concept by considering variation of shear modulus along the wall cross — section depth, is adopted in establishing cross — sectional shear properties in a similar fashion to flexural properties. The effects of slippage rotations at the ends of reinforced elements due to non-perfective bond of reinforcing bars are also included in the hysteresis models. The geometrical non-lineanity is included in the nonlinear dynamic equilibrium equations.For stiffness discontinuous points in the piecewise linear hysteresis model, an algebraic method is presented for dealing with these stiffness discontinuous points . For the active control of nonlinear seismic responses of reinforced concrete frame — wall structures subjected to earthquake motions, this dissertation has established the incremental instantaneous optimal control algorithm. The dissertation has programmed the computer code of artificial earthquake wave simulating program which included the effects of earthquake magnitude, epicenter distance and site conditions and directly fitting the given target response spectrum, the nonlinear seismic responses analysis program of reinforced concrete frame — wall structures subjected to earthquake motions, and the program of active control of nonlinearseismic responses of reinforced concrete structures under strong earthquake environmental. All the programmed codes are tested. The computed results, are tested against those of the actual damages, and it show that the calculated results are reliable.更多还原