【作者】 孙昕；

【导师】 曾鸣；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学（北京） ， 技术经济及管理， 2006， 博士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的不断进步,对包括电力行业在内的大部分公用事业打破垄断、引入市场竞争已成为世界性潮流。2002年底,我国电力行业正式重组为五个独立发电公司和国家电网和南方电网两家电网公司,实现了厂网分开。而目前的改革是在逐步实现竞价上网,建立区域电力市场。但是,电力行业重组后几年来的运行实践也暴露出一些值得关注的问题需要加以研究和解决。其中的一个重要问题就是在目前厂网分开、发电公司和电网公司成为各自独立的经济实体的情况下,如何保证电源与电网以及用户侧的整体协调规划,以保证整个电力系统的规划与扩容投资仍然能够实现全社会效益最大化目标。本文就是在这种背景下,对厂网分开后输电网扩容投资及运营管理优化的理论、数学模型等方面的内容进行了研究,形成了一套系统的理论体系,并就某些研究成果进行了实证研究。本文的主要工作及创新点如下:本文研究了现有电网输电成本的分配方法问题,并给出了输电网投资综合效益的分析确定方法,分析了不同种类的输电网扩容投资项目的成本/效益。通过分析认为,输电定价应采用能够激励电网投资的长期边际成本方法,这样才能实现输电网最优投资扩容。本文研究分析了输电扩容对发电商成本和盈利的影响,以及电网互联对发电商效益的影响,然后进行了给定联网水平情形下的发电商最优转供电分析,并通过一个例子进行了说明。另外,本文通过分析输电公司在扩容前后的利润变化,给出了对整个电力系统进行优化后的转供电容量确定模型。另外,也分析给出了用户(需求侧)对输电扩容的反应以及具体的数学模型。本文进行了输电容量约束管理的市场机制设计方面的研究,从输电约束成本的控制与管理入手,分别对非市场机制下的输电约束成本以及市场条件下的管理机制和方法进行了分析研究,建立了相关的电力交易数学模型,并对考虑输电约束情况下的电力市场运营进行了模拟分析,给出了相应的电力交易模式方案建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the constant progress of science and technology, breaking the monopolyand introducing the market competition has already become the world trend in mostutilities including power industry and our country has begun the deregulation of thepower industry. At the end of 2002, the power industry of our country recombinantsinto five generation companies and two grid companies-the north and the south. Thepresent mission of reform is to carry out bidding to the net step by step and set up theregional electric market of China. But after the power industry of Chinarecombination, the operation practice exposes some problem which deserves attentionand need to study and solve. One of the important problem is in the condition ofseparating the generation and the transmission and the generation and the gridcompany becoming two independent economic entity at present, how to plan powersource、grid and the demand side correspond to guarantee transmission expansion planand investment can maximize the whole social benefit. Under these kinds ofbackground, this paper study on the theory, mathematical model and application oftransmission expansion investment and management optimization after the separationof grid and generation, formed the systemic theoretical system, and demonstratedsome research results.This text researched the problems of the existing distribution method of gridtransmission cost, provided the method of analyzing and confirming the benefit oftransmission expansion investment, and analyzed the cost/benefit of different item oftransmission expansion investment. Through analysis, we think that the price methodsof the transmission should adopt the long-term marginal cost method which canencourage grid investment. These methods can optimization the transmissionexpansion.This paper researched and analyzed the impact on cost and profit of generationbecause of the transmission expand, and the interconnected impact on benefit ofgeneration, then analyzed the optimization transfer power supply of the generation inthe given interconnect level, and illuminated an example. In addition, this paperanalyzed the profit change of the transmission companies before and aftertransmission expansion, provided a model of confirming the capacity of transferpower supply after optimize the whole power system. Also, this paper analyzed theresponse of the customers (the demand side) to the transmission expansion.This paper studied on the market mechanism design of the transmission capacityrestrict management. Start with controlling and managing the cost of the transmissionrestrict, analyzed and studied the management mechanism and methods in thenon-market mechanism and the market mechanism separately, formed correlativemathematical model of the electric power trade. Also simulative analyzed under thecondition of transmission restrict how the power market should run, and provided thecorresponding scheme of the electric power trade mode.This paper provided one method to analysis and evaluate the optimization of thetransmission investment and reliability ,detruded the cost function which can reflecthow the cost change along with the transmission restrict and the transmission restrictadditional cost change, set up and validated the mathematical model which analysesthe optimization reliability of the grid in the whole year. In addition, this paper havealso studied the setting-up problem of the market mechanism of financing of thetransmission expansion and provided the corresponding scheme.This paper researched the coordination and planning issue of the power source andgrid after separate the generation and transmission, provided the mathematical modelwhich solves this issue, and carry on the suggestion on how to set the organizationand operation issue to guarantee to plan coordinative the customer of the powersource and the grid in the power market.Result of this paper indicates that through studying on the theory, mathematicalmodel and application of transmission expansion investment and managementoptimization after the separation of grid and generation, coordinate generation andgrid planning and the operation management can guarantee security of the powersystem operation ,and at the same time ,the economy aspect can achieve optimization,especially that through market mechanism and the government macro adjustments andcontrols, the regional grids can safely、economically construct and operation. So theissue which this paper research on is the important issue on the whole nationaleconomic security develop and the living standards of the people. Also this issue hasimportant theoretical research meaning and actual using value to the electric systemreform.更多还原