【作者】 黄涛；

【导师】 李光；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 科技企业孵化器作为专业的科技产业化服务机构,在科技资源迅速转化为社会生产力、培育中小科技企业、加速产业结构调整、创造新的就业机会等方面,具有其独特的功能与潜力。科技企业孵化器正在成为各国政府推动经济社会持续发展的重要手段。我国科技企业孵化器发展成绩斐然,但仍存在发展中的实践和相关理论问题,并制约了科技企业孵化器的快速发展。为加快我国科技企业孵化器发展的步伐,本论文在分析科技企业孵化器概念及其理论的基础上,探讨我国科技企业孵化器产业化的相关理论与实践问题,并提出推进科技企业孵化器产业化的对策建议。 第一章论述了科技企业孵化器的科学内涵及其理论基础。一是总结了我国关于科技企业孵化器的研究成果,回顾了有关专家、学者对这一概念的理解。认为它是一种介于市场与企业之间的新型社会经济组织,将技术资源、人才资源、基础设施和金融资本结合在一起,为创业者及初创科技企业创业提供发展环境。二是分析科技企业孵化器的运行机制。每一个科技企业孵化器的运行都离不开基本要素、区位选择、进出机制和评价体系。三是根据不同标准对科技企业孵化器类型进行了划分。科技企业孵化器类型多样,可根据不同标准进行划分,本文试图根据其营运机制、营运宗旨、专业特征、孵化主体、在孵企业类型、孵化对象、创业者特点、涉外状况、发展形态、虚实状况等进行划分。四是揭示了科技企业孵化器发展的理论依据。科技企业孵化器存在和发展不是偶然的,而是具有坚实的的理论基础。在科技企业孵化器存在和发展的理论依据上,用比较优势原理、规模经济理论、企业生命周期理论、国家创新系统理论、增长极理论、产业集群理论、企业创业理论、社会网络理论等来揭示科技企业孵化器产生和发展的原因。五是归纳了科技企业孵化器的社会功能。从微观上看,发展科技企业孵化器有利于培育企业成长;从中观上看,发展科技企业孵化器有利于推动区域经济增长;从宏观上看,发展科技企业孵化器有利于实现其多方面的社会公益功能。 第二章介绍了我国科技企业孵化器的发展现状,并对中美科技企业孵化器的发展进行比较。一是分析了我国科技企业孵化器兴起的特定历史背景。它是在科技体制改革的推动下产生的,是我国创业环境现状的要求,是全面建设小康社会的必需,是适应新经济发展的需要,也是我国中小科技企业成长的需求。二是概括了我国科技企业孵化器发展经历的阶段。我国科技企业孵化器发展经历了兴起阶段、发展阶段和加速发展阶段。三是归纳了我国科技企业孵化器发展的成就、经验和特色。我国科技企业孵化器的发展是在借鉴发达国家科技企业孵化器发展经验的基础上,结合我国实际情况进行创新的一种有益探索,已取得了令人瞩目的成就,形成了自己的经验和特色。四是比较了中美科技企业孵化器发展的异同。分析我国科技企业孵化器存在的问题和不足,以借鉴国外科更多还原

【Abstract】 As a special service institution for science and technology industrialization, science and technology business incubator has particular function and potential to turn science and technology into social productivity, foster small and medium enterprises, accelerate the adjustment of national or regional industrial structure and provide employment chance. It is becoming an important means for governments to promote continuous economic and social development. China’s science and technology business incubator has made brilliant achievements, but there exists disjoint between development practice and theory guidance, thus the lag of theory guidance restricts the rapid development of science and technology business incubator. To solve this problem and speed up the pace of development, on the basis of analysing the conception and its theoretical basis, this paper introduces the current situation and analyses the problem of the development of China’s science and technology business incubator, explores the theory and practice of the industrializing development of business incubator, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to advance the industrializing development of business incubator.The first chapter discusses the scientific connotation and theoretical basis of science and technology business incubator. First, the author sums up the research situation in science and technology business incubator among China’s theoretical and industrial circles, retrospects the understanding of its conception by the relevant experts and scholars. It is a new type of social economic organization between market and enterprise, which combines technology, human resources, basic establishment and finance together, providing the development environment for the talented entrepreneur and promising small enterprises. Second, the author analyses the moving mechanism of science and technology business incubator. The following factors are indispensable for the movement of any incubator, that is, fundamental elements, appropriate regional choice, the entry and exit mechanism and evaluating system. Third, the author classifies the incubator according to such standards as managing mechanism, managing tenet, specialty character, incubating subject, the incubating enterprise type, the incubating object, the entrepreneur trait, the development form. Fourth, The author reveals the theoretical basis of the incubator’s existence and development. The existence and development of incubator is not accidental but has its solid theoretical basis, which can be illustrated by comparative superiority principle,scale economy theory, corporate life cycle theory, innovation network theory, growth pole theory, industrial cluster theory, enterprise undertaking theory, social network theory. Fifth, The author also induces the social functions of science and technology business incubator. Its development can foster enterprise, drive regional economy increase, and actualize its various social function.The second chapter introduces the development situation of China’s science and technology business incubator and compares the research of Chinese s cience and technology business incubator with that of America. First, the author analyses the given historical background of Chinese science and technology business incubator. It is the necessary requirement of the scientific and technological system reform, the entrepreneur environment, the aim to construct well off society wholly, the growth of new economy and small and medium enterprises. Second, the author generalizes the development stages, it has gone through springing up stage, development stage and accelerating stage. Third, the author concludes the accomplishments, experience and features of the incubator The construction and development of China’s science and technology business incubator is a successful exploration by combining the experience of the developed countries and China’s practical situation. It has obtained outstanding achievements and formed its own experience and features. Fourth, the author compares the development of the incubators between China and America, analyses the existing problems of China’s science and technology business incubator and use other countries’ experience for reference.The third chapter explores the practice of the industrialization development of science and technology business incubator and its restricting conditions. First, the author analyses the necessity and possibility of its industrialization development. Judging from the latest development situation, it has the basic elements of industry, taking on the obvious industrialization development trend. The industrialization development is the demand of new economy, the demand of socialism market economy and the demand of sustainable development of science and technology business incubator . It also lies in its enormous market potent, favorable policy environment and its third industry character. Second, the author analyses the features of science and technology business incubator industry, which is different from the other third industry. Its characteristic is of the peculiarity, public welfare, service, scale, rapid growth of the product character, the core of the industry lies in the market function and enterprise management. Third, the author sums up therestricting factors for the industrialization development of science and technology business incubator, such as the singularity of investment subject, the bad service quality, the backward management mechanism, the irrational management relationship, the insufficient social resources, the disequilibrium of the development, the irrational decision-making, the lack of the entrepreneurship culture, etc. Fourth, the case for Wuhan exploring industrialization development of science and technology business incubator is studied.The fourth chapter puts forward the countermeasures and the suggestions to promote the industrializing development of the incubator. Many forces should participate in the cause. First, scientific and effective function mechanism of incubator should be established, which is the premise of the industrialization development of incubator. The elements should include the feasibility study, the entry and exit choice mechanism, the rational organization framework, the market sale, the corporation management, the inspiring mechanism, extending the industry chain ,making full use of the network resources, dealing with the relationship with the incubating enterprises. Second, the development direction should be established, which is the key of the industrialization development of incubator. Push the development of science and technology business incubator in the direction of the specialization, the virtualization, the internationalization, the network, the scale, the brand. Third, the function of government should be taken advantage of. Government plays the decisive function during the industrialization of incubator. Government’s function should be defined, such as to promote the process of service type of government, to set down the development layout, to frame the industry policy, to provide the legal system pledge, to institute talent policy, to offer information network service, to found talent prompting mechanism, to widen the financing channel, to establish the evaluation and examination system. Fourth, social forces should be encouraged to participate in and support the cause, which is the impetus of the industrialization development of incubator. It requires social forces to participate and support to form the multitude investment subject, to establish social agency system, to construct culture atmosphere,更多还原