【作者】 董捷；

【导师】 陆红生；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本研究选择我国正在实施的退耕还林生态建设工程的绩效问题作为研究客体,以经济学、生态学、土地科学等理论为基础,在对退耕还林试点区调查分析的基础上,对现行退耕还林政策以及对农民利益的影响进行综合评价,并运用成本效益分析方法,系统全面分析不同利益主体退耕还林的成本和效益。在此基础上,采用多目标决策评价方法对退耕还林综合效益进行定量研究,建立合适的评价指标体系和评价模型,并通过退耕还林地区的实证分析应用,最后提出提高退耕还林绩效的政策建议。全文由七部分组成。第一部分导言主要阐述了该论文研究的背景,选题的主要目的及意义,研究的基本思路及主要内容,研究的特色及创新点。第二部分系统介绍了国内外退耕还林研究的最新动态,包括国内外退耕还林工程实践与理论研究方面,并对与本选题相关领域的理论研究进行综合评述,比较中外退耕还林理论研究的特点。第三部分介绍和借鉴经济学、生态学、土地科学等相关学科的理论,探讨退耕还林绩效评价的理论基础。通过理论分析为退耕还林绩效问题研究提供科学依据和理论支撑。第四部分分析现行退耕还林政策的背景及作用功能,并结合退耕还林区实际调查,全方位探讨退耕还林政策对农民利益的影响。我国正在实施的退耕还林政策总体设计是成功的,政策的作用十分明显,对农民的影响也是深刻的。第五部分运用成本效益法全面分析退耕还林的成本效益组成,探讨不同利益主体退耕还林的效益和成本。退耕还林效益是多方面的,从分析结果看,退耕还林效益是巨大的,特别是长期的生态效益,国家付出的巨大投入,从长远来看是能够得到较大回报的,但不同利益群体成本效益是有差异的。第六部分运用多目标决策方法,选择退耕还林绩效评价指标体系,建立退耕还林效益评价模型,并以湖北省兴山县退耕还林地区为例,比较退耕还林前后各项效益指标,实证分析评价退耕还林的综合效益,可以得出退耕还林后综合效益明显好于退耕前的结论。第七部分从建立经济补偿机制、理顺各种关系及相关支撑体系等方面探讨提高退耕还林政策绩效的建议。 本研究的主要创新之处:一是从相关理论运用—现行政策评价—实证分析—定量分析等方面构建了退耕还林绩效评价的研究体系和框架;二是在全面分析退耕还林成本效益的基础上,建立了较为合适的退耕还林绩效评价指标体系;三是将多目标决策分析方法运用到退耕还林绩效评价,建立退耕还林综合效益评价模型。并运更多还原

【Abstract】 This study attempts to discuss the issue of performance of the ecological project of conversion of cropland to forest presently under implementation in China. A comprehensive assessment has been conducted on the policy of conversion of cropland to forest and its impact on the interest of the farmers based on the theories of economics, ecology and land science. By using the method of cost-benefit, it performs a systematic analysis on the cost and benefit of conversion of cropland to forest on different stake holders. With this as the basis and by using the assessment method of multi-objective decision-making, a quantitive study is undertaken on the comprehensive benefits of reforestation. Performance criteria and evaluation model are made and suggestions for improving the performance of conversion of cropland to forest are put forward through the analysis of situation in reforestation area. The study has seven chapters.Chapter One describes the background, the main objectives, basic ideas and logics, content and special and novel aspects of the study.Chapter Two provides the latest information on the theoretical and practical studies of conversion of cropland to forest in China and other countries and makes comments on the theoretical studies regarding issues relevant to the subject of this study. It also compares the special aspects of theoretical studies on reforestation at home and abroad.Chapter Three discusses the theoretical bases of performance evaluation of reforestation by introducing the relevant theories in economics, ecology and land science and provides scientific and theoretical support for the studies on the performance of reforestation.Chapter Four gives the background and effect of the present policy of reforestation and discusses the impact of this policy on the interest of the farmers. In general, this policy is of a success and has an obvious achievement. It also affects the farmers significantly.Chapter Five analyses the cost and benefit of reforestation by using the method of cost and benefit and assesses the cost and benefit on different stake holders. It shall be seen that reforestation will bring significant benefits in many aspects. In particular, the long term benefit on ecology will make a profound return to the huge investment by the government in the long run. However, the cost and benefit will defer for different stake holders.Chapter Six adopts the multi-objective policy making method in the formulation ofcriteria for performance evaluation of reforestation and in the making of the model for the evaluation. In this chapter, the reforestation area in Xingshan County, Hubei Province is taken as an example in the comparison of all the performance criteria before and after reforestation, thus concluding that a much greater comprehensive benefit can be achieved after the reforestation than before it.Chapter Seven offers suggestions to improve efficiency of conversion of cropland to forest through establishing economic compensation mechanics, harmonizing all relationships and relevant supportive system.This study has the following new approaches in its analysis. 1) constructing research system and outline on conversion of cropland to forest from the point of theory, policy, practical and quantitive analysis; 2) formuling of a viable criteria system for the performance evaluation based on the comprehensive analysis on cost and benefit of reforestation. 3) The applying multi-objective decision-making method in the performance evaluation of reforestation, thus working out a model of this evaluation. Reasonable conclusion is drawn by assessing the information of true events. 4) A thorough analysis on reforestation in relation with its long and short term benefit, partial and general benefit, and direct and indirect benefit. 5) The combination of studying performance on conversion from cropland to forest and safeguarding the interest of the farmers and food security, divcovering the best point both the ecosystem protection and food security.更多还原