【作者】 鲍新山；

【导师】 张其凡；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 中国古代史， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 北宋是儒学占统治地位的时代。士大夫在尊儒的同时,也崇奉佛教和道家、道教。士大夫与道士交往非常频繁,他们向道士询医问药,询求养生之道,询问吉凶祸福。他们从事斋醮活动,从事道教养生实践。他们向朝廷举荐道士,为道士奏请紫衣师号,为道士撰写碑铭。他们与道士一起饮酒赋诗、弹琴论画、游山玩水。在士大夫被罢官被贬谪,亲戚隔离,朋友绝交时,道士们也一如既往,继续与士大夫交往,给他们送去温暖、关怀与安慰。士大夫在与道士结下深情厚意的同时,也促进了道家、道教思想的发展与传播。 士大夫在接受道士的秘方仙术时,也不知不觉地接受了道家、道教的人生观、世界观、政治思想和鬼神观念的影响,形成了知足、旷达、隐逸、淡薄、保守、迷信等等的性格,并使士大夫的政治、经济、军事、外交思想都打上了道家、道教的烙印。 道家、道教是一个非常庞杂的体系,也有互相矛盾、抵牾的内容。士大夫在接触道家、道教时,总是根据自己的需要、喜好做出自己的理解和取舍。他们或重视其无为而治的思想,或欣赏其治病疗身、养生长生之术,或迷恋其斋醮科仪与鬼神迷信观念。因此,每一个士大夫对道家、道教的理解是不完全一样的,甚至是完全不一样的。同一个士大夫在不同的人生阶段对道家、道教的体悟也是不完全相同的。因此,道家、道教对每一个士大夫的影响有很大的差异。但可以肯定的是,道家、道教对士大夫的影响是客观存在的。道家、道教对士大夫的影响有积极的方面,也有消极的方面。通过对士大夫与道家、道教的关系的研究,可以为我们了解北宋历史提供一个新的视角。更多还原

【Abstract】 Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were paid equal attention to in the North Song Dynasty. The scholar-bureaucrats respected Confucianism and Buddhism. And at the same time, they pursued and adored Taoist school and Taoism. The scholar-bureaucrats affiliated with the Taoist priests continually. They asked them about medicine, the ways of preserving their health and fortunes. They engaged in the Taoist sacrificial rites and regimen practices. They recommended the Taoist priests to the court, impetrated the status for them and write the inscriptions for them. They drank and indited, played musical instrument and drew pictures and strolled together. Especially when the scholar-bureaucrats were dismissed from their offices or detracted from their degrees, their many relatives and friends left them, but the Taoist priests ran true to form to getting along well with them and gave them warm and thought. So this kind of fellowship boosted the development and spread of Taoism’s ideas.When the scholar-bureaucrats accepted the Taoist priests’ secret recipes and theugies, they were also affected by their philosophy, world view, political thoughts and ghosts and gods ideas. So they came into being the characters of content, broad-minded, eremitic, dim, utility, selfishness, conservative and superstition. And the Taoism’s ideas were also affected the politics, economy, military and diplomatism of the North Song Dynasty.Taoist school and Taoism’s ideas were an encyclopedical system and have self-contradictory content. So every one of the scholar-bureaucrats had their own thoughts or different thoughts on the Taoist school and Taoism’s ideas. Some of them thought much of inaction, some appreciated the regimen and some were infatuated with the sacrificial rites and superstition about ghosts and gods. That is to say, they did get the different influences from the Taoist school and Taoism’s ideas. And the influences both are positive and negative. So the research about the relationship between the scholar-bureaucrats and Taoist school and Taoism can offer a new angle of view for us to understand the history of the North Song Dynasty.更多还原