【作者】 金广厚；

【导师】 李庚银；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学（河北） ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 随着电力工业市场化改革的深化,电能质量管理日益受到来自经济利益和保证社会公平性的巨大压力。基于现代质量管理学观点、价值规律和外部不经济性理论,并借鉴“环境经济学”的思想,本文提出了电磁污染管制的概念和电能质量服务市场化的想法,总结了建立电能质量市场的核心思想,比较完整地概括了电能质量市场的概念,提出了电能质量市场理论的基本框架,阐明了框架各部分内容的内在关系,总结了电能质量市场理论的主要研究方法。基于对电能质量市场运营和交易特点的研究,提出了关于电能质量市场体系的结构和功能的基本设想,并且从6 个市场基本要素方面对它进行了阐述和分析,就电能质量市场的主要运行机制进行了探讨,包括“排污即收费”原则,“排污许可证”制度,排污权交易方法,电能质量服务实现方式等;对电能质量市场监督管理部门的机构设置和主要职能进行了说明,总结了支撑电能质量市场运营的技术性问题和保证电能质量市场正常运作的非技术性问题。针对电磁污染最优总量管制和电磁污染排放权初始分配问题,提出了电磁污染的定量和统一归算方法,运用博弈理论对公共连接点内所有成员之间争取排污权和良好电能质量的行为进行了深入分析,确定了他们所拥有的博弈策略空间,提出了电磁污染排放权的统一密封拍卖方法,确定了满足“利润最大化”条件的排污总量和电磁污染排放权在市场参与者间满足“帕累托最优”分配条件的贝叶斯Nash 均衡点。实现电能质量服务的市场化运作,需要实现电能质量服务的合理定价,其实质是电能的按质定价。本文引入了质量保险方法,提出了基本电价叠加电能质量保险费的电能按质定价机制及其改进方法,有效地分离了基本电能的价格和电能质量服务的价格,明确了电能质量服务的价值,并且实现了电能质量事故的合理赔偿,可以促进电能质量服务的发展。电能质量市场的发展离不开完善的电能质量评价方法。本文提出了以用户需求为衡量基础,基于过程能力指数的电能质量定量评价和考虑质量因素的电能定价方法。该方法克服了传统评价方法的缺陷,可以为用户实现电能质量的定量评价、按质定价的电价支付方式和供电方的选取,可以指导供电商合理地控制电能质量和分析电能质量投资的经济性。最后本文还对电能质量投资的概念、研究内容和研究方法进行了初步探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the electricity industry’s deregulation, the management of Power Quality (PQ) suffers more heavily pressure from economy and social equity. Based on the modern quality management, value rules, external cost theory and environment economics, this thesis proposes the concept of electromagnetic pollution control and the idea of making PQ service marketable, summarizes the kernel idea of power quality market (PQM), generalizes its definition integrallty, establishes the PQM theory framework, explains the inherent relations of its contents, and summarizes the basic researching methods of PQM theory. Based on the operation and trading characteristics of PQM, this thesis proposes the basic framework and functions of PQM system, and explains it from six primary market elements in detail. Then the running mechanism of PQM is explained, including charging for any pollution policy, emission permit regulation, Emission Right (ER) trading method, PQ service actualizing modes and so on. Establishment and functions of PQ supervising department are also illustrated, and some primary technical and non-technical factors that affect the operation of PQM are proposed. For optimal gross ER control and initial allocation of ER, a method for quantifying and standardizing for electromagnetic pollution current is proposed, the behavior of all members in point of common connection to strive for ER and good PQ is analyzed applying game theory, and their strategy sets in game are defined. The uniform-price sealed auction method for ER initial allocation is proposed. Then optimal pollution gross that can satisfy Maximizing Benefit and Bayesian Nash equilibrium of initial allocation that can satisfy Pareto Optimality are worked out. To make PQ service marketable, reasonable pricing method is necessary, the essential is pricing electricity by quality. This thesis introduces the risk management method into PQM, and proposes a new pricing method for power quality service, that is to add PQ insurance to basic electric energy price, also an improved method for it is proposed. Prices of basic electric energy and PQ-service can be separated naturally, value of PQ service is made explicit, and PQ accidents can be compensated rationally. They can actualize pricing electricity by quality, and improve electric energy supply with multi-quality. PQ service market needs advanced PQ evaluation methods. This thesis proposes a new PQ evaluation method and an electricity pricing method considering PQ based on customers’requirements and process capability indices. They overcome several defects of traditional ones. They can help customers to evaluate PQ quantitatively and to choose their optimum power provider; they also can direct electric utilities’production and help them to analyze the economy of PQ investment. Finally, several basic problems of PQ investment are researched primarily.更多还原