【作者】 伍新和；

【导师】 王成善； 伊海生；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 古生物学与地层学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本文以羌塘盆地中生界为研究对象,以含油气系统为手段,把羌塘盆地中生界烃源岩、储集岩、盖层、生储盖组合、油气运移—聚集—成藏作为一个整体进行系统分析,希望对该区油气勘探初期降低油气勘探的风险和成本提供重要的参考。 本文的主要工作、认识和成果概括如下: 1.收集、分析整理了大量前人在羌塘盆地的研究资料,在此基础上对羌塘盆地地质背景、沉积、构造、地层进行了分析、整理、综合并进行了再认识。 2.收集、整理、对比了与羌塘盆地同属于特提斯体系域东北带内的、在侏罗纪时期同属于欧亚大陆南缘的被动大陆边缘环境的卡拉库姆盆地,并把它们的石油地质特征进行了对比。 3.系统地整理、分析、研究了羌塘盆地中生界烃源岩的特征。羌塘盆地有四套广泛分布的烃源岩,其类型主要为Ⅱ₁和Ⅱ₂型;有机质丰度和成熟度较高,为成熟—过成熟,偶尔有一些低成熟样品。 4.系统地整理、分析、研究了羌塘盆地中生界储层特征。羌塘盆地储层以碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为主,分布层位为三叠系—侏罗系。羌塘盆地不同区块、不同时代储层分布和储层物性特征有明显差异。储层厚度由中央隆起向南、北羌塘坳陷区中心减薄。盆地西部以碳酸盐岩储层为主,东部则以碎屑岩储层为主。 5.系统地收集、整理、分析、研究了羌塘盆地中生界盖层。羌塘盆地中生界地层之中,可作为良好封盖层的泥质岩、膏盐岩,在各组段中均十分发育。 6.系统地收集、整理了世界盐构造的研究历史、盐构造的特征、盐构造的类型。并研究了盐构造在羌塘盆地中分布、特征,羌塘盆地盐构造圈闭主要发育于J₂q、J₂b、J₂x地层中,其对油气聚集有重要的意义。 7.在羌塘盆地中生界地层剖面上依据生、储、盖层的时空配置关系,把羌塘盆地生、储、盖层划分成4套一级组合,并把组合Ⅲ可进一步划分为3套二级组合。 8.根据对羌塘盆地内中生界含油气系统的地质要素与事件的分析,含油气系统的基本要素在空间上配置良好,而且各种成油作用在时间上的配合关系也比较好。 9.根据构造运动、圈闭形成时间、流体包裹体测温、镜质体反射率和有机质热解峰温及盆地模拟等数据综合分析,油气有两期成藏及有两个关键时刻:第一个是在侏罗纪末—早白垩世早期,是主要的关键时刻;第二个是在晚第三纪沉积之后。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the Mesozoic petroleum system in the Qiangtang Basin, source rocks, reservoir, seal, and their association, migration- congregation-playing of petroleum are analysed, in the hope that these studies will be able to help reducing the risks and costs in the early stages of petroleum prospecting.The main work, results of the doctor thesis are listed below.1. By collecting and analysed of the former works on Tibet Plateau, and try to re-intepretate the tectonic setting, sedimentation, structure and strata of the Qiangtang Basin.2. By collecting and reworking on the data of the Kalakum Basin, which was in the same NS zone of the Tethys System and belonged to the south passive Eurasia continental margin as Qiangtang Basin, and compare the geological features between Qiangtang basin and Kalakum basin.3. Systematic study of the Mesozoic source rocks in the Qiangtang Basin. Four source rocks are widespread in the Qiangtang Basin, which are classified as type II₁ and II₂ with high organic content and maturity. Samples with lower maturity are seldom discovered.4. Study the Mesozoic reservoir in the Qiangtang Basin. The main reservoir are clastic and carbonate rocks, with the age of Triassic to Jurassic. There are distinct differences in the distribution and physical features of reservoir in different blocks and times within the Qiangtang Basin, e.g., thickness of the reservoir decreases from the central upheaval to both north and south Qiangtang depression, and the western the Basin are dominated with carbonate rocks, and the eastern part by clastic rocks.5. Study the Mesozoic seals in the Qiangtang Basin. It is proposed mud rocks and gypsum rocks are good covering strata in the Mesozoic Qiangtang Basin.6. Study the Mesozoic salt structure in the Qiangtang Basin. Lots of salt structures are developed in the basin, and they are well-tectonic traps in J₂q, J₂b and J₂x.7. According to the temporal and spatial relationships of the Mesozoic stratal profile, the Qiangtang Basin are divided into four groups of petroleum generating-reservir- seal assemblages,更多还原