【作者】 徐建国；

【导师】 王复明； 王博；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 南水北调工程是为缓解我国西北和华北地区水资源缺乏而兴建的大型水利工程。渡槽是南水北调工程中跨越河流和道路等的架空输水建筑物。在南水北调中线工程总干渠中,大型渡槽交叉建筑物就有数十座,且大部分位于地震烈度为7度以上的地区。这些建筑物的抗震设计,对整个中线工程的安全和经济运行有着至关重要的影响。本论文对大型渡槽结构抗震分析理论与应用进行了较详细的研究,主要完成了以下工作: 1.建立了考虑槽身和槽内水体流固耦合的渡槽薄壁结构梁段有限元动力分析模型。该模型充分考虑到了渡槽槽身结构的横向、竖向、纵向、自由扭转和约束扭转变形等薄壁结构特性,以及渡槽薄壁结构和水体之间的流固耦合动力相互作用;同时也考虑了支架变形和橡胶支座对整体结构的影响。运用渡槽计算实例验证了模型的正确性。 2.提出了渡槽薄壁结构弹塑性多弹簧模型。该渡槽薄壁结构弹塑性多弹簧模型集渡槽薄壁结构线弹性模型和非线性多弹簧模型为一体,并充分考虑了薄壁结构截面弯矩和轴向变形对单元的动力特性影响,应用多弹簧等效关系模拟结构塑性铰区的非线性滞回特性。 3.进行了渡槽槽身模型和支架模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力抗震性能试验研究。由试验得到荷载—位移滞回曲线;运用所建立的渡槽薄壁结构弹塑性动力分析模型模拟计算拟静力加载过程并得到数值模拟的荷载—位移滞回曲线。经比较说明,通过模型数值计算得到的P-△滞回曲线与实测的滞回曲线吻合较好,从而验证渡槽薄壁结构弹塑性动力分析模型的正确性。通过该数值分析模型对关帝庙大型渡槽结构的弹塑性地震响应进行了分析计算。 4.开展对设置铅芯橡胶支座的大型渡槽非线性地震响应研究。铅芯橡胶支座具有较好的非线性滞回特性,采用两种支座非线性模型(双线性模型和Wen模型)来模拟铅芯橡胶渡槽隔震支座的非线性滞回恢复力特性,对大型渡槽结构的空间地震响应进行研究。计算结果说明铅芯橡胶支座具有较好的减、隔震效果。 5.推导了空间结构动态应力的最小余能法计算公式。实例验算表明,最小余能法所得到更多还原

【Abstract】 The project of transporting water from south to north is a large water conservancy works for relieving the lack of water resources of North-West and North China regions. The aqueduct of the project is the overhead water transporting construction which strides across rivers and roads. There are a few dozens of large-scale aqueducts in the main canal of the project and most of which locates in the regions where the earthquake intensity is VII degree or over VII degree. It is important to insure the seismic design security and economy utilize of the constructions. In this dissertation, the theory and application of seismic analysis for large-scale aqueduct is studied in details and the mostly includes several studies below.1. The seismic response analysis model of thin wall space aqueduct with fluid-structure coupling is established. In this model, transverse deformation, vertical deformation, longitudinal deformation, free torsion deformation, constrained torsion deformation and fluid-structure coupling between aqueduct and water body are all taken into consideration. The bracket distortion and the influence of rubber bearing are also considered. The model is verified by the results of numerical calculation examples of aqueduct.2. The elastic-plastic analysis model of thin wall space aqueduct with multiple springs is presented. The elastic-plastic model is composed of the elastic model of aqueduct and the nonlinear multiple spring model. The influence of dynamical characteristic with section moment and axial distortion is taken into account. The nonlinear hysteretic characteristic of the plastic zone is simulated by the equivalent relationship of the springs.3. The quasi-static seismic-resistance experiment of aqueduct and aqueduct brace specimens has been carried out under low cycle lateral loading. The load-displacement hysteretic loop curve is obtained. The numerical simulative hysteretic loop curve is obtained by use of the elastic-plastic analysis model of thin wall space aqueduct with multiple springs. According to the comparison, the numerical calculated and experimental results agree well. So the elastic-plastic space aqueduct model is verified and the elastic-plastic earthquake response of Guan Di Miao large-scale aqueduct is calculated by use of the numerical analysis model.4. The nonlinear earthquake response of large-scale aqueduct with the lead rubber bearing is studied. The lead rubber bearing has good nonlinear hysteretic characteristic. By use of two更多还原