【作者】 叶仁荪；

【导师】 郭耀煌；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国国有经济在整个国民经济中的比重虽然在不断下降,但仍占据明显的优势。今后,部分自然垄断行业和公益性行业等还可能不同程度地对非国有经济适度开放,许多国有企业也会打破国有独资的单一模式以发展壮大自己,但从总体上看:国有企业作为国民经济和国家安全的控制力量之一的地位仍将不会改变。国民经济的命脉仍然牢牢地掌握在国有经济的手中。因此,国有企业问题仍然是理论界应当而且必须十分关注的问题。由于国有企业是一类特殊的企业,它的性质与其它类型的企业存在较大的差别,而且,随着改革的深入,国有企业在人力资源管理方面存在的问题也在逐渐地暴露出来,尤其是员工的不断离职已经成为阻碍国有企业发展的一个不容忽视的问题。由于离职问题在我国尚属于一个较新的研究领域,对国有企业离职问题进行的研究更是凤毛麟角,因此,对国有企业员工离职意向进行研究,具有重要的学术价值和现实意义。 本文围绕“国有企业员工为何会产生离职意向”这样一个命题,通过多角度、多层面的调查,展开国有企业员工离职动因的研究。首先以铁路运输企业为例,对国有企业员工离职现状进行调查研究,采用结构方程分析方法,对国有企业员工离职影响因素进行实证分析,建立了国有企业员工离职动因模型(Ⅰ)。然后以同样范围的样本为研究对象,进行了离职动因的纵向研究,建立了国有企业员工离职动因模型(Ⅱ),并对两个模型进行了纵向比较。在此基础上,还对国有企业员工离职动因模型(Ⅱ)在民营企业的适用性进行验证,并将国有企业模型、民营企业模型与Price的相关研究进行了横向比较。最后提出了保持国有企业关键员工的建议。 全文共分8章,各章节主要内容安排如下: 第1章,绪论。提出研究的背景、意义,对国内外文献进行综述,指出本研究的理论基础及基本假设,最后提出了本研究的基本思路、框架及其主要研究内容。 第2章,对国有企业员工离职原因进行了探索性分析。本章通过三项调查来完成:一是通过对铁道部人事司近几年干部报表等有关资料的分析,了解铁道部技术人员离职的总体情况;二是对42家铁路运输企业人力资源部门负责人进行的问卷调查,以了解员工离职的状况和原因:三是对26名原在南昌、北京两局现已离职的技术人员进行访谈和问卷调查,以了解他们当初离更多还原

【Abstract】 After implementing reform and opening policy, China’s state-owned economic proportion still predominates in the whole national economy, although it is decreasing unceasingly. With the development of reform, parts of operative natural monopoly sectors and public welfare ones may open to non-national economy in proper way. Many state-owned enterprises will also break away from the single model exclusive of capital in state-owned enterprises to develop themselves, nevertheless, totally speaking: As a significant controllable force of national economy and security, state-owned enterprises’ role will not be changed, it still grasp the lifeline of national economy, therefore, the problems of state-owned enterprises not only should be followed with interest but must be paid more attention to by academic circles. Because of its special characteristics, state-owned enterprises have gigantic difference to other types of enterprises, thus, with the development of reform, the problems which lie in human resource management in state-owned enterprises are gradually exposed, especially the phenomenon of employee turnover has been an inevitable problem to hamper the development of state-owned enterprises. However, owing to the problems of turnover still belongs to a innovative research in China, not all research abroad are compatible with Chinese realistic situation, and the research about the turnover of state-owned enterprises is rare, so, the research on the employee turnover intention of state-owned enterprises, undoubtedly, has its significant scientific value and realistic importance.Circling around the thesis of "Why the turnover intention occurs in state-owned enterprises’ employees", this article takes a research on the turnover reasons of state-owned enterprises, first and foremost, makes the railway transportation enterprises a case in point to investigate and analyze the realistic situation of employee turnover of state-owned enterprises, on the foundation of existing relevant research both domestic field and foreign one, takes an analytical method of structural equation modeling (SEM) ,which lies in the frontline of academic fields, and gets a positive analysis to impressive factors of employee turnover in railway transportation enterprise , builds up the causal model(I ) .then according to the same range of samples taken as research objectives , gets the longitudinal research on turnover causality, and sets up the causal model(II) of employee turnover in state-owned enterprises, and has a vertical comparison with the two models. On the basis of above, this article also takes a research on impressive factors of employee turnover in private enterprise, and makes it a horizontal comparison to state-owned enterprises, from the contrasting research both longitudinal factors and crosswise ones, checks the causal model about employee turnover in state-owned enterprises. At the same time, this article considers the model’s trans-culture validity and possible difference appearing enterprise characteristics, and eventually puts forwards to the suggestion and countermeasures to preserve primary employees in state-owned enterprises.This article is including 8 chapters, these are as followed:Chapter 1: Exordium. Looking forward to the surroundings and importance about the research, comprehensively narrating domestic and foreign documents concerned, and pointing out this research’s theoretical foundation and fundamental hypothesis ,finally giving the research’s essential thought, framework and main research content.Chapter2: Investigating and analyzing the realistic employee turnover situation of state-owned enterprises. This chapter has accomplished through three investigation; firstly, analyzing the cadre statement of the personnel department in railway ministry and other material concerned to grasp the general circumstances about technician turnover in railway ministry; in the second place, having a questionnaire about the chief in human resource management department of railway transportation enterprise to know about the situation and reason about employee turnover; thirdly, conducting an interview and corresponding questionnaire about 26 technician, who once worked in the Nanchang railway bureau and the Beijing railway bureau, to get the idea of the motive why they selected to leave formal unit. This chapter’s study is mainly to find the key factor impressing the employee turnover in state-owned enterprises, and lay the groundwork for the next chapter which builds up the model.Chapter3: Carrying on the first positive research on the casual model in state-owned enterprises. Its aim is to set up the causal model (I). In this stage, the chapter is mainly according to the investigation and the interview result duringthe period of the first stage, designing the turnover questionnaire on employees in state-owned enterprises, and handing it out to 800 employees in 30 state-owned enterprises, then on the basis of the international predominating causal model(Price-Muller ,2000) and the high-tech causal model (Zhang mian ,2002) ,taking multi-element statistical analysis and an analytical method of structural equation modeling ,which lies in the frontline of academic fields to get a positive analysis towards impressive factors of employee turnover in railway transportation enterprise , and building up the causal model ( I ) to lay the groundwork for the longitudinal research in third stages.Chapter4: Carrying on the second positive research on the casual model in state-owned enterprises. Its aim is to set up the causal model (II ).this chapter is directed to the existing problems during the period of the positive research ( I ), referring other domestic and foreign research production, and revising the questionnaire of employee turnover in state-owned enterprises. Then carrying on the questionnaire investigation to 1500 employees in state-owned enterprises investigated in 2001, moreover, based on these investigating data, building up the causal model (II).Chapter5: Mainly having a longitudinal comparison between the positive research ( I ) and the positive research (II) to verify the causal model and consider the explanatory validity for employee turnover in state-owned enterprises .Chapter6: Having a research on the impressive factors in private enterprises, and making it a horizontal comparison to state-owned enterprises, its aim is to consider whether the model will differ from characteristics of enterprises. This stage is based upon the analysis of some concepts and characteristics of private enterprises and the analysis of peculiarity about employee turnover in private enterprise, making 256 employees in 15 high-tech enterprises investigated by Zhang mian as samples.Chapter7: having the positive analysis on employee turnover intention in private enterprises, and at the same time, having a horizontal comparative analysis between the impressive factors of employee turnover in state-owned enterprises and that in private ones to find out the difference of employee turnover in two types of enterprise and lay the groundwork of looking forward to the更多还原