【作者】 徐贵泉；

【导师】 褚君达；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水力学及河流动力学， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 本文结合上海市科委关于“上海水环境综合整治环境功能区(完善)研究”和“苏州河环境综合整治二期水务工程环境效益研究”的重点科研课题,以及上海市水务局关于“上海市感潮河网水环境承载能力研究”的重大科研课题研究,针对水功能区划以及水资源的开发、利用、保护和管理工作中迫切需要解决的几个关键问题,进行系统研究,取得下列重要研究成果: 研究得出纵向分散系数的正确与否对水质模拟预测结果的影响不容忽视,通过对国内外关于纵向分散系数试验研究的大量参考文献调研,提出感潮河网地区水质数值模拟对纵向分散系数的合理取值范围,以及对纵向分散系数的计算公式调整经验系数的方法。 根据水功能过渡区的新理念和水环境承载能力的理论,首次分别推导出恒定均匀流和非均匀流流态下河流的水功能过渡区浓度分布及其长度计算公式,首次研究了恒定均匀流、非均匀流和非恒定流流态下河流水功能过渡区的长度计算方法,并系统分析了水动力特性、污染物特性、水功能过渡区类型和内源底泥污染等因素对河流水功能过渡区长度影响的变化规律。 结合感潮河网地区河道纵横交错、水流运动复杂、流向多变的特点,首次研究建立了符合实际、实用创新的感潮河网水环境承载能力数学模型。该模型不仅能够真实合理地反映水功能过渡区的长度与浓度分布的变化过程,及其对水环境承载能力的影响变化,而且能够全面正确地反映感潮河网水环境承载能力受边界水质变化、水质目标差异、调蓄水量多少、水利工程调控等多种因素影响下的时空变化规律。 利用上海统一城建坐标系统的数字地图资源,研究了感潮河网水量水质模型和水环境承载能力模型技术与GIS技术的无缝链接和集成创新。对实际河网,考虑了调蓄支河的水质及其与概化河网的水质动态变化耦合影响,采用一维和零维水质耦合模型来模拟计算水质的变化规律,细化了感潮河网水质模型的模拟功能,提高了模拟预测精度。实现了河网自动优化编码、智能化识别的功能,并建立了上海浦西地区基于数字河网的苏州河水系河网水量水质模型和水环境承载更多还原

【Abstract】 As part of the Shanghai science and technology commission supported project "study on the Shanghai water environment functional zoning" and "Study on the water quality improvement of the Suzhou Creek rehabilitation Phase II project", and also the Shanghai Water Authority supported project "Study on the carrying capacity of the Shanghai tidal river networks", this study focuses on solving the key technical problems existing in water environment functional zoning and the water resource development, utilization, protection and management. A systematic research approach has been conducted in the study and the following achievements are achieved.This study shows that longitudinal dispersion coefficient has close relation to the predicted water quality. With intensive reference to the relevant studies, This project suggested a rational range of longitudinal dispersion coefficient value, and also the method to adjust the empirical coefficient in computing the longitudinal dispersion coefficient.Basing on the new ideas of water environment functional transition zone and the theory of water environment carrying capacity assessment, this study, for the first time, formulated the formula to compute the concentration distribution and the length of the transition zone under steady and unsteady hydrodynamic conditions. The method of computing the length of the transition zone under steady and unsteady hydrodynamic conditions is proposed for the first time, and the impact of hydrodynamic, contaminant characteristic, type of transition zone and the internal pollution source from sediment on the length of the transition zone is studied in detail for the first time.With consideration of the complex river networks and the related complex hydrodynamics, for the first time, a mathematical model to assess the assimilative capacity was setup for the Shanghai tidal river networks. The model can either simulate the length and the concentration distribution of pollutants in the transitionzone, or to assess the assimilative capacity and its space-time change with water quality boundary conditions, water quality objectives, storage of water and the operation of control structures.Basing on the Shanghai digital river network with unified geo-coordinate system, this study integrates hydrodynamic model, water quality model, assimilative capacity assessment model and GIS into one platform. The combined effects of water quality change due to storage branch and the river network schematization has been taken in account in the model. The integrated system can support auto-coding and the identification of networks. A GIS based hydrodynamic, water quality and water environmental carrying capacity assessment model has been setup for the Suzhou Creek river system.Some creative achievements has been achieved in the study of improving tidal river networks hydrodynamic and water quality model, development of water environmental carrying capacity assessment model, and the impacts on the length of transition zone and assimilative capacity. The main results has been published on the El journals oThis study provides key technical tools and scientific basis to water environment functional zoning, environmental engineering feasibility study, and is also critical in balancing water quality, assimilative capacity and the total maximum discharging load.更多还原