【作者】 龚志周；

【导师】 王重鸣；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 企业管理， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 新经济时代,网络经济正逐步成为经济运行的核心。以电子化为手段,借助互联网开展业务的电子商务创业活动在近年来得到了前所未有的迅猛发展,这让与之相关的创业理论研究显得相对比较滞后。回顾以往研究可以发现,对电子商务创业活动的理论研究还非常有限,已有的大部分研究只是零散的对新兴的电子商务模式给创业带来了哪些利弊影响等问题进行了简单讨论。因此,本论文在结合电子商务、创业管理和工作压力三个领域以往理论研究成果的基础之上,对电子商务网络创业背景下,电子商务创业压力形成的前因变量、组成结构、演变过程及其对创业绩效的影响机制等理论和管理问题展开了一系列的相关实证研究。 研究一通过半结构化访谈的方法,对12家处于不同发展时期、不同行业、不同盈利模式的典型电子商务创业企业的创业者及其员工进行了现场访谈和概括总结。研究发现,电子商务创业活动或任务具有虚拟运营、技术支持和分布协作三个主要特征;电子商务创业压力主要来自个体内源、个体外源、组织内源和组织外源四个方面,并且在不同的个体或组织之间,这些压力的侧重点很可能存在较大差异。这些结果为后继研究奠定了初步的理论构思框架。 研究二对电子商务创业特征及创业压力源结构进行了理论概念模型的界定及效度验证。研究结合相关文献和访谈结果设计了专门的调查问卷,在符合本研究界定的电子商务创业企业中进行了先后两次的调查取样,并对最后获取的152份有效问卷进行了统计分析。探索性及验证性因素分析结果表明,电子商务创业压力主要由网络市场竞争、网络系统管理、网络工作适应和网络创业角色四维度构成;一些个体及组织特征因素会影响到电子商务创业压力影响作用的侧重点;最后,通过结构方程建模,验证了电子商务创业特征是引起电子商务创业压力的关键前因变量。 研究三探索了电子商务创业压力在企业不同创业发展阶段的演变过程。研究采用现场准试验设计的研究方法,利用研究二验证过的电子商务创业压力量表,以及以往有关A型性格、控制源和组织支持等量表,在当前我国电子商务创业实践最为活跃的网络服务、信息服务和专业服务行业中,各随机选取了分别处于创建阶段、成长阶段和扩张阶段的三家电子商务创业企业进行了调查,并对获取的123份有效问卷进行了统计分析。在对A型性格、控制源和组织支持三个主要无关影响变量的控制下,进行了多元协方差分析,结果发现:除网络创业角色维度外,其他三维度的电子商务创业压力在创业发展的不同时期具有显著差异;网络更多还原

【Abstract】 In new economy times, networks economy is becoming the core of economic operation. Reviewing the previous literatures, it was found that there were very limited empirical studies on e-commerce venturing. And most existing researches were simply and separately made in advantages and disadvantages of ventures provided by developing e-commerce pattern. So, on the base of combining the literatures of e-commerce, entrepreneurship and occupational stress, four relative sub-studies were conducted on the antecedent variable, the construct, the evolvement, and its effect on entrepreneurial performance of the E-commerce Venturing Stress (EVS).In study I, EVS in twelve typical e-commerce entrepreneurial firms under different entrepreneurial stages, industries and business patterns were investigated and summarized via semi-structured interview with entrepreneurs and their employees. The result indicated that e-commerce venturing had three main characters: virtual operation, technical, and distributed. Generally, EVS came from four sources: intra-individual, extra-individual, intra-organization, and extra-organization. And great differences may exist among different people or firms on the four aspects. Above-mentioned results established a preparatory construct framework for following studies.In study II, the construct of e-commerce venturing characters and stresses were defined and validated in e-commerce entrepreneurial firms. Based on the literatures and interviews, special questionnaire was developed, and delivered to entrepreneurs and their employees in e-commerce entrepreneurial firms in two different samples. The 152 returned questionnaires were valid. The analyses of exploratory factor and confirmatory factor revealed that EVS had four dimensions: e-market competition stress (ECS), e-system management stress (EMS), e-work adaptation stress (EAS), and e-entrepreneurial role stress (ERS). Some individual and organizational characters would affect above four dimensions. At last, e-commerce venturing characters were confirmed to be the antecedent variable of EVS by a structural equation model.In study III, the evolvement of EVS in different entrepreneurial stages were investigated, based on EVS questionnaires validated in the study II, and scales of type A behavior, locus of control, and organizational support used in previous studies. By means of a quasi-experimentation design for field settings, three e-commerce entrepreneurial firms in startup stage, growth stage, and expansion stage wererandomly selected in the most three popular industries of application service provider (ASP), Internet content provider (ICP), and Internet service provider (ISP) separately. The 123 returned questionnaires were valid. Multivariate analysis of covariance was carried on while type A behavior, locus of control, and organizational support were under controlled. The results indicated that there were great differences among different e-commerce entrepreneurial stages at three dimensions of EVS except for the ERS dimension. Meanwhile, ECS was at the lowest level in the startup stage, at the middle level in the growth stage, and at the highest level in the expansion stage. EMS and EAS were at the highest level in the startup stage, at the middle level in the growth stage, and at the lowest level in the expansion stage.In study IV, the relationship between EVS and entrepreneurial performance was investigated, and functioning mechanism of EVS was validated, based on EVS questionnaires validated in the study II, scales of social network, and stress coping strategies used in previous studies. The sample of 168 valid cases gotten from 46 e-commerce entrepreneurial firms in the cities of China where e-commerce ventures were relative active focused on mediator variables, moderator variables, and direct effect of EVS. The results indicated that all the dimensions of EVS had a negative correlation with the entrepreneurial growth performance. ECS, EMS, and EAS also had a negative correlation with the entrepreneurial survival performance, but ERS had a posi更多还原