【作者】 殷志良；

【导师】 刘万顺；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学（北京） ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2005， 博士

【摘要】 变电站是输配电系统的重要环节。随着电子式电流/电压互感器、智能型断路器等数字化开关设备的逐步实用化,过程层和间隔层之间大量的电缆连接将被串行光纤通信代替,这是变电站自动化技术新的变革。在IEC 61850标准中,这种通信方式被称作过程总线通信。本文围绕过程总线上采样值和跳闸命令这两类最为重要的数据传输展开研究,论文的主要内容有: 1 针对变压器差动保护和测量应用提出两种不同的采样值传输模型具体构建途径。在深入研究采样值传输模型的基础上,挖掘标准中面向对象建模的内涵,对同一应用进行不同的具体建模和特定通信服务映射,揭示标准中抽象模型与特定映射之间的内在统一关联,为采样值数字化传输的物理实现提供了良好的理论基础。 2 提出并实现了一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)技术的电子式互感器接口的新方法。深入研究电子式互感器与保护、测控设备接口的重要组成部分一合并单元,提出利用FPGA技术实现多路采样值数据的并行接收和校验。研究并提出了采用高速先进先出(FIFO)队列技术实现报文发送前的正确排序。实验证明此方法可以满足接口通信的多任务处理、高可靠性、强实时性和速度高等要求。 3 首次提出并实现了一种基于FPGA技术的合并单元同步的新方法。该方法对双速率采样法进行改进,以减小同步误差。新方法不仅能够在准确、可靠判断秒脉冲上升沿后进行多路采样值同步采样,而且在秒脉冲受到短时干扰或丢失后,还可以对其进行实时跟踪和判断,从而在秒脉冲恢复正常后实现采样值的快速同步。 4 提出了将IEEE 1588应用于过程总线上采样值同步的新方案。分析了IEEE 1588高精度同步的实现机制,提出了具体的采样值同步方案,方案的实施将使以太网技术彻底应用于变电站过程总线通信中。 5 分析并指出了面向通用对象的变电站事件(GOOSE)模型的优越性,深入挖掘了自动机理论中有限状态机技术在GOOSE报文传输一致性测试中的应用,提出了具体的测试方法。 6 在国内首次构建了基于IEC 61850的,应用于变压器差动保护的过程总线通信实验系统,该系统能够测试采样值和跳闸命令传输的实时性和可靠性。通过大量实验,提出了保证过程总线通信服务质量的实用新方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Substation is the one of the most important part of the "power system. With the development of the novel electronic transducer and intelligent switchgear, the parallel wiring to link the process level and the bay level of substation automation system will be replaced by serial optical cable, and it is a technology renovation of the substation automation. It is called as process bus communication in IEC 61850.This dissertation deals with the transmission of the sampled values and trip signals of the procss bus, which are the two very demanding kinds of data transfer. The significant achievements are as follows:(1) For the transformer protection and measurement, two different modeling approaches of the sampled value model are proposed. On the basis of in-depth analysis of sampled value model, the internal meaning of the object-oriented modeling defined in this standard is investigated and the sampled value model is constructed and mapped in a specific way. As a result, the intrinsic unified relationship between the abstract model and concrete mapping is revealed, and a favorable theoretic basis is supplied to realize the digital transmission of sampled values.(2) A new FPGA based method to interface the electronic transducer is proposed. Merging unit, the key to connect the electronic transducers with digital output and new protective devices, is analyzed in depth. Sampled values from several electronic transducers can be received using FPGA, and the validity of which can also be checked by means of cyclic redundancy code checker. Moreover, these sampled values can be ordered correctly via FIFO before they are transmitted. It is demonstrated that this method can meet the communication requirement of the interface, i.e. multi-task to be dealt with in parallel, high reliability and real-time requirement.(3) A new FPGA based method to realize the synchronization of the merging unit is proposed firstly. In order to minimize the sync error, the method of two-speed synchronization sampling is improved. The new method can be used to synchronously sample the multi-channel current and voltage information after identifying reliably and accurately the rising edge of the sync clock input pulse. When the sync pulse is disturbed or lost temporally, the real-time tracing and judging can be done. As a result, the synchronization can be achieved quickly when the sync更多还原