【作者】 郐艳丽；

【导师】 刘继生；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 论文运用城市地理学的有关理论和方法，从历史分期的角度把东北城市划分为古代、近代和现代城市，探讨了东北城市空间自构过程和被构过程的不同形态特征和发展规律，提出了东北城市未来的空间发展模式。论文主体部分共分为五章。 第一章对国内外城市空间形态的研究进展进行了全面阐述。文章在阅读大量文献的基础上将西方城市空间形态理论与实践研究划分为形体化、功能化、人文化连续化、群体化生态化4个时段。伴随着社会经济的发展，针对城市不断出现的各种问题，城市空间研究理论与实践逐渐由外部形体向城市内部功能转化，由城市物质性规划向人文化关注转化，由个体城市的发展研究向区域层面的综合研究转化，从而概括出11种城市空间形态典型模式：传统模式——环辅放射形模式、分散主义对策——卫星城、自然的安排——线形城市，东方的思想——棋盘形城市、形体化的极至——巴洛克轴线形城市、田园城市的特例——花边式城市、封闭性的极限——内敛式城市、高度发展的理论性模式——巢状城市、卫星城的发展——新城模式、历史的过程——星楔状城市、大都市形态——星云状城市。中国的城市空间形态研究则侧重影响因素、动力机制、构成要素等方面，由于中国大都市区、连绵区的发展及特定的历史条件下形成的发展基础及国外学术界的影响，中国的城市空间形态研究也出现了人文化、区域化、综合化发展的趋势。 第二章研究古代东北地区城市的空间形态。古代东北城市空间形态基本是形体化城市，山地城市则根据地形进行建设，“因地制宜”的城市发展思想在少数民族建立的城市包括管理都得到充分体现，但因战争原因的摧毁和建筑材料的差异使东北古代城市保存甚少，但其选址对后世城市的空间分布产生重要影响。 第三章研究近代东北地区城市的空间形态。近代是东北城市发展的重要时期，受地理环境、地缘政治、边疆文化、社会制度变革、交通方东北师范大学博士学位论文中文摘要式、社会经济条件尤其人口迁移的影响，加之殖民统治基础上的多元文化的碰撞，直接导致东北城市空间形态的变异。巴洛克形体化城市发展模式在主要铁路城市得到充分体现，开放的方格网城市是中小平原城市的典型范式，线形城市在一些河流沿岸形成，而由于工矿开发分散形城市的雏形开始形成。这一时期主要铁路城市基本上是按规划建设的，当时世界先进的规划理念得到运用，城市道路网格局由于铁路的建设发生根本变化。大城市特色明显，东北地区以长春为分界，南部城市日本文化内涵体现的较多，北部深受俄罗斯文化的深刻影响，大连则受到双重文化的渗透，从而对现代城市空间形态产生重要影响。 第四章研究现代东北地区城市的空间形态。现代东北地区主要城市是在“一五”期间及随后的工业项目建设的大规模展开逐步发展起来的，在重工业基地前提下的城市内部空间以“企事业社会”为主体特征，城市发展经历快速、停滞到改革开放后的逐步健康发展等几个阶段。由于高速公路的建设，大城市外围均设计了分流过境车辆的环路，形成环辅放射状的城市空间形态，而中小城市其空间发展逐步转变为中心“十”字街、“一”字街的模式向集中的团块城市形态演进，沿河的线形城市向带状城市发展，分散城市随着功能的调整与完善空间形态向紧凑、组合形式发展。 第五章研究了新时期东北地区城市的发展战略和空间模式。随着大城市规模的逐步扩大，外围中小城市的不断发展，东北地区以哈尔滨、长春、沈阳、大连为中心的都市区逐步形成，以四大都市区为核心的东北大都市带初露端倪，构建健康的都市区及都市带空间形态成为城市发展研究的重要内容。文章通过分析新时期城市空间发展面临的机遇与挑战，提出了“保护两厢、聚集中央”的区域城市化发展战略，构建以网络型区域城市空间形态和稠密型个体城市空间形态理论为基础的东北四大都市区，以及大东北都市带为核心的未来整体城镇空间发展格局，并通过有效的空间管制加以实施。关键词:东北地区;城市空间形态;城市空间结构;城市发展模式更多还原

【Abstract】 This article divides the northeast city development time into ancient time, latter-days time and modern city time. Probes the different morphology character and development regulars of northeast city space form about self-construction and being construction process through using the theories and methods of urban geography. It puts forward the future space development model of the northeast city. This article has 5 chapters.The first chapter summarizes the research progress of city space morphology o. Based on lot’s of literature reading, the author divides the theory and practice research of city space form into 4 periods of time, including the formalization structure, the functionalization, the humanization, the colonization and zoology. Following the develop of social economic, the research theory and practice of city space is changing from outer-form into inner-function gradually, from the city material plan into humanism attention, from the individual city developing research into the region integration research, facing the new emerge problem. It generalizes 11 representative patterns of city spatial morphology, Traditional model: circle radiation model, dispersalism countermeasure: satellite city, Natural arrangement: linear city, Oriental idea: chessboard city, the extreme of morphology and structure: Barlouc axes line city, the special case of garden city: the flower fringe city, the extreme of closure: the inner city, the high developed theory model: the nest city, the development of satellite city: new city model, the history course: star-wedged city, the big modern city: star-cloudy city. The research of Chinese city space morphology emphasized particularly on infection factor, driving mechanism, inscape factors. Because of the development of the Chinese big MSA, stretch area , the develop foundation forming under the special history condition and the infection of the out country academy, the trend of humanism, regionalization, integration had emerged in the research of China.The second chapter researches ancient spatial morphology of northeast city. The ancient northeast city spatial morphology is formalized city. Theconstruction of mountain city is base on the topography. The sprite of do as the land offer has been materialized in the minority city. The reserved city in northeast is few because of war and construction material difference. The location chosen is very important to the distributing of the later city space.The third chapter studies the spatial morphology of northeast city in latter-days. Impacted by the geographical environment, politics, border area culture, social system changing, traffic manner, social economic condition and population moving, excessive culture colliding base on the colonize govern, the northeast city space changed. The city development mode of Barlouc has been materialized on the main rail city. The exoteric pane net city is the typical form in the middle and small plain city. The linear city has formed on the bank of some rivers. The disperse city come into being because of industry development. The main rail city was constructed on planning in this periods, the modern planning theory was used on it. The city net pattern of pathway has changed ultimately because of the rail construction. The big city’s character is obviously, the Japan culture is showed obviously in the south cites, the Russian culture is obviously in the north cites. The Dalian city is affected by both of culturesThe forth chapter is about the spatial morphology northeast city in now days. The modern city grows following the "first-five" period and the construction of national big industry items. The character of city inner space is enterprise society on the base of heavy industry. The development of city goes through speeding, snagging, healthy and sustainable development stages. Because of the construction of high way, the circle road is designed in the big city’s outer area. It has formed circle and radial city spatial morphology. Middle and small city space development has changed from center cross更多还原