节点文献
高新技术企业持续技术创新体系研究
Study on the Sustainable Technological Innovation System of Hi-tech Enterprises
【作者】 陈仲伯;
【导师】 陈晓红;
【作者基本信息】 中南大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2003, 博士
【摘要】 在工业经济时代,企业之间乃至国家之间的竞争是建立在自然资源和资本资源基础上的。那时,我们还可以以价廉产品争取部分国际市场。而随着知识经济时代的到来,企业,尤其是高新技术企业之间乃至国家之间的竞争将建立在知识资源的基础之上,竞争的焦点不再是各种生产活动的最终产品,而是各种知识活动的成果,技术创新成为各国抢占21世纪经济制高点的战略核心。对于依赖“新生代”技术的高新技术企业,要保持长期生存和持续发展,必须依靠企业的持续技术创新。 一个完善的企业技术创新体系,应能为企业可持续发展提供动力,能保证技术创新的持续性得到充分的发挥,不仅为现有的增长点提供技术保障,也为将来五年,甚至十年后的增长所需的新技术进行前瞻性开发,抢占技术创新制高点。我国高新技术企业因持续技术创新能力缺乏而面临持续发展困境。透过引起困境的各种要素,我们看到,持续技术创新的内涵应包括企业技术创新目标的延续性、创新动力机制的持续性、创新过程的能动性、创新战略的适宜性、创新活动的时效性、核心技术的领先性和核心竞争力的持续性。高新技术企业持续技术创新体系的特征,包括以企业为核心的持续技术创新的“主体系统”、橄榄型的持续技术创新系统结构、“档位战略”型的持续技术创新战略模式、保持和提升核心竞争力的持续技术创新目标、螺旋上升的持续技术创新过程、公共政策营造持续技术创新的“效率环境”和人文环境、持续技术创新的评价是一种系统性评价等。这就是本文研究持续技术创新体系的出发点。 本文对高新技术企业持续技术创新体系的研究分为四部分(共九章): 第一部分(第一、二、三章):主要阐述为什么要着重研究企业持续创新的问题,企业持续创新的基本内涵和主要特点,通过对技术创新理论的回顾、技术创新的现状的分析和技术创新国际比较的探讨,加深了对持续技术创新的理论和现实意义的认识,使持续技术创新的研究目标更加明确; 第二部分(第四、五、六、七、章):主要构建企业持续创新体系的框架,通过对持续技术创新基础要素、体系构成元的分析,引伸出了持续技术创新的策略范式和风险管理策略,在此基础上设计出持续技术创新的综合评价体系; 第三部分(第八章):为推进持续技术创新体系的建设,创新主体各构成层次有不同的职责任务和措施,本部分通过对公共政策的影响分析和高新技术产业开发区、高新技术企业“二次创业”职能定位,提出了加强持续创新的对应措施; 第四部分(第九章):通过对湖南省重点高新技术企业中联重科实施持续技术创新战略的实证研究,进一步揭示了企业持续技术创新的特点和意义。 当前,我国高新技术企业和高新区己跨入“二次创业”阶段,其持续技术创新的机理和制度建设已成为政府和学术界关注的焦点。面对新形势,本文围绕高新技术企业持续技术创新这个主题,在分析和借鉴国内外理论和实践经验基础上,提出了持续创新的内涵、演化机理、体系构成、策略范式、评价体系等一系列创新体系建设和制度建设具有前瞻性的新思路。 (1)从概念上讲,本文认为持续技术创新体系是围绕持续提高核心竞争力的战略目标,建立的创新要素、创新策略、创新环境不断优化,创新动力、创新能力、创新效益不断增强的技术创新系统。即一个完善的企业持续技术创新体系,应能保证技术创新的持续性得到充分的发挥,成为企业可持续发展的保障。 (2)从理论方法上讲,本文在以往研究技术创新的基础上,进行了研究方法的创新,即由研究一般性的企业技术创新上升到重点研究最具技术创新活力的群体一高新技术企业,由一般性的研究技术创新要素士几升到研究持续技术创新体系,包括因子、构成元和与公共政策的互动等。 (3)从体系构成看,本文认为持续技术创新不是一种利用本系统内部资源单项的、间断的创新,而是一种充分利用全球资源持续不断的创新过程。从宏观面上看,多个研发与产业化实体的单项、间断技术创新联系在一起便形成了整个社会不断的持续创新;从微观点(单个企业)来看,技术创新与持续技术创新在体系结构上存在明显差异,主要表现在创新主体、创新导向、创新组织、创新队伍、创新管理、创新内涵、创新源泉、创新过程、创新环境、创新评价等方面。一般技术创新往往侧重单纯的技术经济评价;持续技术创新体系则必须从技术、经济、社会的发展和创新绩效分配等多种因素进行综合评价。否则,就不能达到促进、推动企业持续技术创新的目的。 (4)从演化机理上看,本文探索了持续技术创新的演化规律。即在充分考虑了创新内外环境因素、技术和制度因素、系统和过程的因素、动态和持续因素的基础上,从优化企业持续技术创新的层面上指明了企业进行持续技术创新的方向,并从区域创新体系建设和制度建设的环境因素等方面提出了建设性意见。 (5)从策略范式来看,本文提出了在竞争日趋激烈的环境中提高企业竞争力的持续技术创新的建设性策略。如利益导向、制度创新、集成创新、自主创新、市场竞争、CIMS应用、二次创业、核心培?
【Abstract】 While the low price advantage of products was capable of improve its market share during the industrial economy where the competitions were largely based on natural and capital resources, competitions among enterprises (especially high-tech ones) and countries is now based on the knowledge resources in this knowledge economy. The competitions no longer focus on the eventual products of various industrial processes, but on the outcomes of knowledge activities, i.e. technological Innovation, which is a critical move for each country to develop core competency in the 21 century. Technological Innovation capability, which enables sustainable technology innovations, is vital for the high-tech enterprises depending on the "new generation" technology to achieve consistent development and sustainable prosperity.Because High -Tech enterprises of China lack of the capacities of sustained technical innovation, so face to the predicament of development. This article has discussed the connotation of enterprises sustained technical innovation through analyses the various factors of predicament. In writing,have discussed the connotation of high-technical enterprise technological innovation. The sustaining technology innovation of enterprises is refer to the continue of object to sustaining technology innovation, sustaining of innovation power mechanism, initiation of innovation process, fitting of innovation strategies, timing of innovative action, leading of key technologies and sustaining of key rival competition. This paper emphasizes on the discusses about the feature of sustaining technology innovation system of high-new technology enterprises, including "main-body system" of sustaining innovation based on enterprises as a core, olive-like systemic configuration for sustaining technology innovation, "gear-level strategy" mode of sustaining technology innovation,object of sustaining technology innovation for maintaining and promoting key competition, spiral rising process of sustaining technology innovation, building efficiency environment and human environment for sustaining technology innovation by set-up public policies, systemic evaluation for sustaining technology innovation, etc.It is the basic characteristics of a sound enterprise technological innovation system to ensure the sustainable development of the technological Innovation capabilities and thereby that of the enterprise both currently and in the coming five or even ten years. The study of enterprise sustainable technological innovation system in this paper can roughly be divided in to four parts (a total often chapters):Part 1 (chapter 1, 2) mainly discusses the background and reason to focus on the enterprise sustainable technological innovation, the essence and characteristics of enterprise sustainable technological innovation. Through a literature review of the theories of Technological Innovation, an analysis of the current situation and a comparison of the national and international development of Technological Innovation has been provided to deliver a more thorough and practical understanding of the technological innovation and a more clear objective of the sustainable technological innovation study.Part 2 (Chapter 5, 6, 7,) mainly deals with the framework of enterprise sustainable technological innovation system, a strategic norms of sustainable technological innovation through an analysis of the basic elements , risk management and components of the system is elicited, basic on which a comprehensive sustainable technological innovation evaluation system was designed.Part3 (Chapter8) analyzed the impacts of public policy on technological innovation and functionalities of the hi-tech park and hi-tech enterprises in the"secondary task of development" process and put forward corresponding strategies stimulating sustainable innovation.Part4 (the last chapter) further indicates the characteristics and significance of enterprise sustainable technological innovation based on case analysis of the implementation of sustainable technologic in
【Key words】 Hi-tech Enterprises; Sustainable technical Innovation; System; Research;