节点文献
企业知识管理绩效评价研究
Research on the Performance Evalution of Enterprise Knowledge Management
【作者】 蒋蓉华;
【导师】 何继善;
【作者基本信息】 中南大学 , 管理科学与工程, 2004, 博士
【摘要】 知识作为组织的智力资本,已成为经济发展中的第一战略资源。对企业来说,知识已经成为最关键的投入要素和核心资产,知识在企业价值的创造中起着关键作用。 知识作为一种投入要素,对经济增长的贡献已是越来越大。从宏观层面来说,它在经济增长理论中占据了主导地位,经济学家已经对此进行了较为深入的研究;而对微观层面的管理者来说,这种变化更深刻地体现在企业的价值创造之中,企业的管理者们日益认识到,在高速运转、竞争激烈的世界里,知识(组织的智力资本)已经是竞争优势的决定性因素之一,知识及其学习、交流代表着竞争优势的重要源泉,他们也进一步认识到了对企业的知识资本的有效管理和激活是一个日益紧迫的工作。这种实践的理论需求,引发了一场意义深刻的管理学思潮。 学习型组织、知识管理是目前最热门的两个话题。它们都是以“知识”为中心议题,以人的管理为核心,以“知识的价值”为根本。在学习型组织和知识管理中,知识管理概念的内涵和外延要比学习型组织所涉及的范围更广,学习型组织强调“组织学习、组织交流”,而知识管理则从信息和人交互的角度研究知识和行为的转化机理及如何促进这种转化,当然,它们最后都以实现组织目标为最终目的。我们可以这样认为,知识管理要比学习型组织具有更高的理论层次,知识管理偏向理论,而学习型组织偏向实践,它们是互补的。可以说,知识管理是这个管理学思潮的真正焦点。 组织的知识管理,其目的是通过对组织的知识资本和外部知识的管理和利用,以最大程度地发掘和利用知识这一资源和资产的潜力,以提高组织创造价值能力的一种手段和过程。组织的知识管理不是组织管理的全部,组织的知识管理也并不与组织的其他方面的管理相对立。应该说,知识管理与战略管理、市场营销、财务管理、人力资源管理、生产管理、物流管理、信息系统管理等并不矛盾,相反,知识管理是从价值创造的角度来考察组织的所有运作过程,并将对知识的管理渗透到其他各个方面的管理中去。 本课题的研究落着点是企业知识管理的绩效评价问题,知识管理的最终目的是要通过对企业的智力资产的管理来使收益最大化,因而采取有效的手段对知识管理的效果进行度量是非常必要的。虽然知识本身是无形的,但它的价值可以体现在它对企业其他因素的影响上(如创新、竞争能力等);此外,知识的潜在的、真实的收益也可以通过企业绩效的改进(如竞争力的增强、经营过程的改善等)来说明; 本工作是立足在管理学基础上,融合了经济学、行为科学、信息科学、系统工程学等学科知识。众多学科的融合是该研究走向成熟的一个标志。 对于企业知识管理的绩效评价问题,本研究的具体内容带有探索性质。当前知识管理得到了学界的认同和重视,但是关于知识管理的理论和框架众说纷纭,还没有形成对知识管理的系统研究。当然要进行知识管理绩效评价研究就必须对知识管理具有全面的了解,因此在研究过程中,试图在学术界现有的基础上,以理论框架的提出、分析和完善作为要点,强调把理论与实践结合起来,构建知识管理的整体逻辑结构,由此得到知识管理绩效评价的一个完整的基础理论平台,并在此基础上,拓展企业知识管理绩效评价研究工作。 本研究主要在以下方面作了一些开拓性的工作: ①提出了知识与有效行为互动的关系,得到了新的知识管理的定义,并提出了知识管理的17个新的内涵概念,构建了一个全新的知识管理逻辑模型,深入地分析了知识的激活机制,揭示了知识管理的深刻内涵,完善和发展了现有知识管理理论; ②根据知识管理的理论框架和企业绩效评价理论和方法进行了知识管理绩效评价理论体系的分析和构建,并深人分析了知识管理绩效因素、知识管理绩效基础,参考了学术界现有相关研究,采用专家评议法选出了一个合理有效的知识管理绩效评价指标体系,并经过了严格的数据处理,研究和确定了指标体系的权重分布; ③运用模糊综合评价方法、B一P神经网络方法进行了知识管理绩效评价的应用研究和实例分析,并以广西桂林工商银行为背景,进行了实证研究,验证了指标体系的合理性和有效性,以及绩效评价工作的可操作性。 本研究从理论分析人手,构建了知识管理绩效评价体系,在评价过程中探讨了组织实施知识管理对提高组织绩效的有效性,最后的实证部分完成了该评价体系的可操作性。
【Abstract】 By way of the organic intellect capital and the primacy tactic resource during economy development, knowledge takes part in the vital role to the organization development. Knowledge already turns into the most pivotal devotion element and the core capital to the corporation.Knowledge brings into play effect to economy increase as a sort of devotion element, knowledge has held the dominant status in the economy increase theory, and economists have carried through embedded research. Moreover, face to governor of micro lay, the diversification incarnates in the value creation of the enterprises deeply. Managers take cognizance of increasingly that knowledge, learning and communication will represent the important headspring of the competition preponderant. And they knew that the availability administer and activation knowledge capital was the increasingly pressing task .The theory requirement of practice would produce a field of profound management thoughts.The present two pop topics are learning organization and knowledge management. The vortex discussion is knowledge, the core of management is person, the fundamentality is value of knowledge. Among learning organization and knowledge management , the connotation and extension of knowledge management is wider than learning organization. Learning organization stresses organization learning and communication, but knowledge management studies the translation mechanism of knowledge and behavior from the angle of alternating between information and human. Ultimately, the aim of learning organization and knowledge management is to realize the organization goal. Usually, knowledge management takes on the higher theory levels than learning organization. Knowledge management leans to theory, but learning organization leans to practice. We can say knowledge management is the really focus of the management thoughts.The intention of knowledge management of organization is to manage and use the internal and exterior knowledge and dig the potentialof knowledge, so as to advance the ability of creation value. The whole organization management is not only the knowledge management, but knowledge management doesn’t oppose the other management in the organization. We can say that knowledge management doesn’t conflict with such as stratagem administer, marketing, finance administer, human resources administer, manufacture administer, matter flow administer and information systems administer. The other way round, knowledge management reviews the all operation process of organization at the point of view of value creation, and sinks itself into the other various aspects.The key problem of this study put on performance evaluation of corporation knowledge management. The ultimately intention of knowledge management is to manage the organic intellect capital and to get the most income, thus it is necessary to take the effective artifice and to measure the effect of knowledge management. Although the knowledge is invisible, its value may embody the other influence factors, such as innovation, competition capability and so on. Furthermore, intellective potential and actual income may be explained via the amelioration of corporation performance, such as the enforcing the competition, improving the process of management.The research on performance evaluation of knowledge management based itself upon the foundation of management, and fused economics, behavior science, information science, systems engineering and so on. The amalgamation of many subjects records the research to tend towards mature.The work just has quest for the performance evaluation. Currently, knowledge management gained the self-identity and recognition, but opinions vary about the theory and frame of knowledge management. Without the system research on performance evaluation of knowledge management, evaluating the performance of knowledge management need all-around comprehend the knowledge management. During the research, based on the existing foundation, regard the advancing, a