【作者】 徐波；

【导师】 邹东涛； 白永秀；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 政治经济学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 环境问题已经成为全球关注的重大问题，可持续发展思想逐渐为世界各国接受。解决环境问题，实施可持续发展战略的重要手段是发展环境产业。明确环境产业的内涵，认识环境产业的特征，研究环境产业对国民经济的带动机制，探索中国环境产业的发展模式，对于缩小中国环境产业与发达国家环境产业的差距，推动中国环境产业健康发展，落实科学发展观有重大的理论意义和现实意义。 如何借鉴发达国家环境产业的成功发展模式，应对发达国家环境产业进入中国市场的形势，研究中国环境产业发展模式存在的问题，优化中国环境产业发展模式，是本文的选题背景。 建立环境产业发展问题研究框架，在厘清环境产业的内涵以及特征认识其本质，分析环境产业的需求状况和对国民经济的带动机制明确其作用和价值的基础上，研究中国环境产业发展路径和发展模式，为引导企业投资环境产业提供理论依据和实证资料，为中国环境产业优化产业结构、提升产业竞争力积极应对来自发达国家环境产业的冲击提供政策建议和决策参考，是本文的主要研究目标。具体研究目标为：第一，澄清对环境产业的认识，明确环境产业的内涵、特征，确定环境产业的地位。第二，认识环境产业的价值和发展前景，对于环境产业发展的需求因素构成和影响机制进行分析，揭示环境产业对国民经济发展的带动机制和带动效应。第三，解决环境投资数量不足、投资效率低下等制约环境产业发展的突出问题。第四，比较分析中国环境产业在不同发展阶段的发展模式的内容、特点、效果。第五，概括美国、日本、德国等发达国家环境产业的发展模式研究其启示。第六，探索中国环境产业发展模式的优化方向。 论文以产业经济学和产业发展理论、环境经济学理论为指导，采用规范分析和实证分析相结合的研究方法，定量分析和定性分析手段交叉使用，横向以及纵向对比分析手段综合运用，在掌握大量统计资料的基础上，对于环境产业的内涵以及产业地位、发展环境产业的意义以及环境产业的带动机制、环境产业的发展模式分类、发达国家环境产业发展模式以及启示、中国环境产业发展模式的演进以及优化方向等问题进行深入、系统的研究，得到规范分析和实证研究两个方面的结论。 规范研究的主要结论包括：第一，环境产业是广义的环保产业，是特殊的产业，其特殊性通过环境产业的本质特征、运行特征、发展特征体现。第二，环境产业应该作为国民经济主导产业发展，在产业形成和发展期作为战略产业扶持;投资者应该针对环境产业的成长产业和高科技产业属性进行投资。第三，影响环境产业需求的因素有外部因素和内部因素，在产业形成期，外部因素是主导因素和决定因素;在产业发展期，两种因素共同影响环境产业需求;在产业成熟期，内部因素逐渐演变为影响产业需求和发展的主导因素。第四，环境产业通过制度制约型带动机制、产业关联型带动机制、成本效益型带动机制、社会需求型带动机制对国民经济产生带动作用。第五，环境投资模式优化是解决环境投资不足、效率低下问题的必然选择。环境投资模式优化的前提条件是明确环境事权，建立和完善环境投资激励机制是优化环境投资模式的保证。第六，环境产业发展模式能够按照产业发展特点和影响产业发展的外部因素两个标准进行分类。第七，提出中国环境产业发展模式的优化方向。 实证研究的结论包括:第一，发展环境产业对于增加就业的带动作用。认为环境产业通过加快发展速度、调整产业内部结构、保持以中小企业为主的组织结构、提升产业竞争力四个方面的影响带动就业增加。第二，中国环境产业发展模式在产业形成期和发展期的内容不同、侧重点有差异、绩效差别大。第三，发达国家环境产业发展模式的核心内容是在环境产业发展领域方面重点突破、全面推进，促进环境产业发展的动力体系在产业不同阶段适时转化，强调市场机制和企业自愿机制对发展环境产业的作用，发展技术密集型、外向型环境产业。 论文的创新点:第一，首次从基本特征、运行特征、发展特征三个层次全面归纳环境产业的特征。研究环境产业的带动机制以及带动机制发挥作用的形式。第二，分析中国环境投资模式存在的问题，研究环境投资模式促进环境产业发展的机理，提出优化环境投资模式的路径，指出建立和完善环境投资激励机制是优化环境投资模式的保证。第三，总结归纳美国、日本、德国三个发达国家环境产业的发展模式，研究发达国家环境产业发展模式对发展中国环境产业的启示。第四，在对中国环境产业发展模式进行纵向比较、对发达国家环境产业发展模式进行横向对比的基础上，总结了环境产业发展模式的类型，提出优化中国环境产业发展模式的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 While the environmental problems have become a focus of the whole world, sustainable development has been becoming a thought accepted by all nations. The important means to solve environmental problems and carry out sustainable development strategy is to develop environment industry. To narrow the gap between China and developed countries in Environment Industry ,promote China’s Environment Industry on a healthy path, fulfill the view of scientific development, it is of significance in both theory and practice to definite Environment Industry ,understand its characteristics, study how it brings along national economy and explore a development pattern of China’s Environment Industry .The background of this paper’s topic is how to handle the current situation brought by developed countries’ Environment Industry entry into China’s market, by means of leaning from their successful patterns, investigating the problems existing in China’s pattern and optimizing such a pattern as well.The main objectives of this paper are to provide theoretical basis and empirical materials to guide enterprises’ investment into Environment Industry and to provide policy and decision reference as to optimize the structure of Environment Industry and improve its competition power to deal with the shock from the Environment Industry of developed countries. In order to fulfill such an aim, an the basis of clarifying the connotation and characteristics of Environment Industry, understanding its nature, analyzing its demand condition and national economy driving mechanism to make clear its function and value, we will study the development route and pattern of this industry in China in this paper. Our method is to form a framework to study the problems in the development of Environment Industry. Concretely speaking, the study objectives are as follows: first, clarifying the understanding of Environment Industry, making clear its implications and characteristics and definiting its role. Second, understanding the value and prospect of Environment Industry, analyzing demand factors and influencing mechanism related to its development, and revealing the driving mechanism and effects made by Environment Industry on the development of national economy. Third, settling the obvious problems such as inadequate quantityand low efficiency in environment investment, which restrict the development of Environment Industry. Fourth, comparing and analyzing the contents, characteristics and effects of the patterns that China’s Environment Industry takes on in different periods. Fifth, summarizing the patterns and enlightenment of the Environment Industry in developed countries such as America Japan and Germany. Sixth, exploring the way to optimize this pattern of China.This paper is directed by theories of Industry Economics, industry development and Environment Economics. It makes use of the method of normative analysis combined by empirical analysis, quantity analysis with quality analysis alternatively, horizontal and vertical comparisons and analysis’s comprehensively, and at last draws a conclusion in normative analysis and empirical study. On the basis of lots of statistic data in hand, in order to arrive at such a conclusion, we will do a lot of through and systematic research on following questions: the connotation and place of Environment Industry, the significance of developing Environment Industry , the driving mechanism of Environment Industry , the development pattern and enlightenment of developed countries’ Environment Industry and the direction in which China’s Environment Industry has been evolving and will be optimized.The major conclusions of normative study include: first, Environment Industry belongs to environment-protecting industry in broad sense and is a particular industry whose particularity is reflected by the characteristics of its nature, motion, and development. Second, Environment Industry should be developed as a leading industry of national economy and in its emerging and growing periods, it should be supported as a st更多还原