中国公务员养老保险制度改革研究

【作者】 张水辉；

【导师】 桂世勋；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 人口社会学， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 公务员养老保险制度，作为整个社会养老保险制度的重要组成部分，其改革和完善的重要性、必要性和紧迫性是无庸置疑的。 从改革实践和理论研究来看，我国公务员养老保险制度既不适应当前我国的经济社会发展形势，也不适应整个养老保险制度改革的发展。一方面，由于各种原因，我国公务员养老保险制度改革自身步履维艰，进程大大滞后于城镇企业职工养老保险制度改革，已经成为我国城镇职工养老保险制度改革的瓶颈。另一方面，我国有关公务员养老保险制度改革的理论研究虽已取得一定进展，但仍处于“弱势”地位，可以说理论研究严重滞后于本已滞后的改革实践。 公务员养老保险制度改革研究对发展社会保险乃至社会保障理论，以及推动实际工作都不无裨益，具有较强的现实意义和理论价值。为此，笔者将在对公务员养老保险制度改革的相关理论和具体实践进行深入研究分析的基础上，提出我国公务员养老保险制度改革的具体思路、近期方案及长期规划。 本文正文共分六个部分： 第一章 公务员养老保险相关理论述评：在对有关公务员养老保险制度的各种理论从政治学、社会学、经济学、人口学、行政学等多学科的角度进行梳理和评析的基础上，探讨各学派社会保障理论对我国理论研究和实际工作的启示与借鉴意义。 第二章 我国公务员养老保险制度的历史回顾：本着以古鉴今的原则，回顾中国公务员养老保险制度的演变历程。同时以标志性事件为坐标，将其细分为六个时期并逐一分析其特征。 第三章 我国部分地区公务员养老保险制度改革述评：对我国部分地区公务员养老保险制度具体改革做法进行比较研究，并深入分析相关改革取得的成绩和存在的问题。 第四章 国外公务员养老保险制度简介及其对我国的启示：对世界上一些具有代表性的国家的公务员养老保险制度进行简要介绍，分析其各自存在的长处与不足、取得的经验与教训，以及对我国当前公务员养老保险制度改革的借鉴意义。 第五章我国公务员养老保险制度改革的意义、依据及原则:阐述我国公务员养老保险制度改革的重要意义、理论依据、现实依据及指导原则，提出要建立既体现公务员职业特点又与其他社会成员之间相互衔接的公务员养老保险制度。 第六章我国公务员养老保险制度改革的现实选择和长期规划:在深入分析我国公务员养老保险制度改革的现实背景的前提下，提出我国公务员养老保险制度改革的短期方案与长期规划，即:短期内建立由与企业职工同等的基本养老保险金、作为政府雇员的职业养老保险金和个人储蓄养老保险金构成的三支柱公务员养老保险体系;长期目标则是建立由国民养老保险金、职业养老保险金、互助养老保险金和个人储蓄养老保险金构成的四层次公务员养老保险体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is no need to discuss the importance, necessity and urgency of the public servants’ pension’s reformation and perfection.Examined from its reform practice, the reform of our country’s public servants’ pension system’s reform has fallen so far behind the reform of the enterprise workers’ pension system, which has made great progress, that the dichotomy of the former and the latter has arisen in the city pension system. As for the theoretical research, there is also a great gap between the above-mentioned two pension systems.In consideration of momentous current significance and far-reaching theoretical value, the aim of this dissertation is to find the way by which the benefits-encouraging mechanism of public servants’ pension system can be established as soon as possible to solve the practical problem. Furthermore, the dissertation gives a deep-going analysis of the system’s target, pattern, practical project and necessary term reform.The dissertation consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 makes a thorough account on the relative theories on public servants’ pension. It examines and discusses these theories from the aspect of politics, sociology, economics, population, administration and so on. A multi-subject research highlights the practical and theoretical work in our country.Chapter 2 makes a detailed review into the Chinese public servants’ pension. The whole process is divided into six periods in terms of the significant events to analyze its characteristic conveniently.Chapter 3 takes a look at the details of selected regional public servants’ pension reform in china. After a comparative study on the practical reform ways of those regions has been made, a profound analysis on the reform’s achievements and its problem will be arrived at.Chapter 4 gives a brief introduction of the abroad public servants’ pension systems and analysis each country’s experience and disadvantages so as to enlightenthe reform in china.In Chapter 5, the author turns to an analysis of the significance, basis and principles of Chinese public servants’ pension system reform. A public servants’ pension system, which not only embodies the vocational characteristics, but also linked-up with the other social workers’, should be set up soon.In Chapter 6, the realistic choice and the long-term programming for the reform of Chinese public servants’ pension system are put forward. Based on a deep analysis of the realistic background, both a short-term project and a long-term program are brought out. The former means a three-pillar pension system consisting of fundamental pension (the same as the enterprise workers), vocational pension as the government employee and the individual saving pension, and the long-term target means a four-layer pension system consisting of nation pension, vocational pension, mutual-aid pension and the individual saving pension.更多还原