【作者】 贺勇；

【导师】 王竹；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 本文针对我国现阶段人居环境建设的现状与研究特点，以国内外研究与实践为基础，站在学科研究的前沿，提出了“基本人居生态单元”的概念，以此反思和解析当前人居环境建设的各种现象及其内在规律。其核心思想是：把生态系统的整体利益、而不是人类单方面的利益作为最高价值，把是否有利于维持和保护生态系统的完整、和谐、稳定、平衡与持续存在作为人居环境建设的根本尺度与评判标准。在这一理论之下，一个村落，一座城市，乃至一个地区，都可以还原成基本人居生态单元。同时，它将山地、滨水、平原等不同类型的人居环境纳入到一个整体，打破了行政区划和地形学上的限制，有可能以一种整体的观念来把握人居环境的内在规律，因此，该研究也更具有开拓性与原创性。 以往对人居环境的研究，常常是把它划分为城市、居住区、小区、组团、邻里等不同尺度等级，诚然，这样有利于简化问题，使之清楚明了，然而这不免又重复了还原论的治学方法。所以在基本人居生态单元里，打破空间的水平划分方式，而以“小流域”、“界面”、“地域基因”等这些有着内在紧密关联的要素来阐述人居环境的基本规律。笔者认为，这些概念与认识不但可以解释人居环境空间的水平关系，也能够阐明其垂直关联，更能体现出动态适宜性，因为人居环境在很大程度上就是“天”——“地”——“人”系统在多维关系上的相互作用，而且这种作用更具有生态演化的意义。 笔者无意建构具有普适性的可持续发展人居环境模式或者大而全的研究框架，因为人居环境是极其复杂的系统，加之目前的研究总体水平还处于比较初期的阶段，所以也不宜进行整体的归纳总结。本文主旨在于以基本人居生态单元的概念与视角，同时结合具体的实证研究，以一种开放的结构和方式归纳出一些具有普遍意义的特征与规律，以期对当前的人居环境研究与建设有所裨益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the characters of practical construction and research of Human Settlement in China today, this paper puts forward the concept" the Basic Human Settlement Unit", and tries to analyze the problems and explores the possible suitable methods on the construction of human settlement with this new concept. Under this concept, the core idea is that we should give the priority to the holistic interest of natural ecological system, but not the unilateral benefits of human being. And the basic rule and the evaluation standards of human settlement’s construction should depend on whether it’s of help to maintain the general harmony, balance, stability and sustainable existence of ecological system. A village, a city or even a regional human settlement could be taken as a "Basic Human Settlement Unit", and it involves all kinds of human settlements together, such as those on the mountainous, the waterfront or the plain area. This concept has broken the restriction of topography and administration division, and make it possible to study on the human settlement with a holistic method.In the past, when we study the human settlement, we always divide it into different hierarchy between the whole city and the neighborhood unit. Of course, this can simplify the questions and make them much clear. However, such method has repeated the usual method of mechanism. In order to improve this situation, this paper tries to study the human settlement by referring to " the small river valley", " the boundary", " the regional gene" and the other factors with strong internal relationship. The author thinks these factors can not only explain the horizontal but also the vertical relationship in human settlement, and they are more significant in the process of ecological transformation.This paper has no intention to establish a common model or a complete research framework of human settlement because of the limits of its extremely complex and the early age of the relevant study. The main goal of this paper is tries to use the new perspective "the Basic Human Settlement Unit" , combined with some practical projects, to study the character and internal law of human settlement in an open way, and hope to bring some new ideas and suggestions to the present construction of China human settlement.更多还原