【作者】 李一博；

【导师】 靳世久；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 精密仪器及机械， 2004， 博士

【摘要】 罐储自动计量系统，是加油站、油品码头，以及石油化工等企业的重要设备。现有的三种罐储自动计量系统——基于液位测量原理的ATG系统、基于静态压力测量原理的HTG系统，以及混合测量系统HTMS，都存在各自的优缺点，不能完全满足实际测量的需要。目前国内使用的罐储自动计量系统则存在自动化程度低、测量精度差、测量参数单一以及计量单位不统一等问题。为了提高我国罐储计量的自动化水平，减少企业在油品贸易，尤其是国际油品贸易中的损失，迫切需要研究适合我国国情的新型罐储自动计量系统。罐储自动计量系统研究是多领域、跨学科的课题，涉及到传感器技术、材料技术、信号处理技术，以及数字通讯技术等多个领域。本文对罐储自动计量技术进行了深入的研究，主要进行了以下几方面的工作：研究了现有各种油罐参数检测方法的原理和优缺点，并最终选择可将位移信息转换为时间信息的磁致伸缩测量原理，作为新型多参数罐储自动计量系统的基础。研究了传统磁致伸缩液位传感器的工作原理及测量精度。在此基础上提出了一种新型的振弦式磁致伸缩液位传感器测量原理。研究了温度对磁致伸缩液位传感器测量精度的影响，设计了一种可自标定和可消除温漂的磁致伸缩液位传感器。提出“多浮子相对位移”测量法，实现了基于磁致伸缩效应的油品密度高精度在线测量。通过理论分析和具体实验，验证了磁致伸缩密度传感器的测量精度。研究了油品密度变化对磁致伸缩液位传感器液位测量精度的影响，提出了用密度测量值修正液位测量误差的方法。提出了利用罐表及液位、界位测量值精确计算油品体积的计算方法。研究了油罐内油品温度的梯度分布情况，以及油罐温度测量原理和油罐平均密度的温度补偿算法。应用人工神经网络技术，实现了基于质量微小变化的油罐泄漏检测方法。用单片机技术、嵌入式Internet技术以及数字通讯技术研制了用于罐储自动计量的智能型数字化多参数传感器。开发了上位管理软件，与传感器一起组成了完整的基于磁致伸缩效应的新型罐储自动计量系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automatic Tank Gauging System is one of the most significant equipments in gas station, oil product pier and petrochemical industry. At the present time, there are totally 3 kinds of automatic tank gauging system — ATG based on principle of liquid level measurement, HTG based on theory of static pressure measurement, and HTMS(hybrid tank measurement system). All the three systems have their own advantages and disadvantages, and cannot fully meet the requirements of actual measurement. In addition, all the automatic tank gauging system that used domestically have the problems such as low automation, low measuring precision, single measuring data, and conflicting measurement unit. In order to increase the automatic standard and minimize the loss occurring in trade of oil product, especially during international trade, there is an urgent need to develop new type automatic tank gauging system which can adapt to our country’s actual measuring circumstances. Research of automatic tank gauging system is a multi-field and cross-subject thesis which involves in sensor technology, material technology, signal processing technology, and digital communication technology. This paper researched technology of automatic tank gauging in detail, and the main work accomplished can be summed up as the following:1. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of current tank measuring detection methods are researched, and finally theory of magnetostriction measurement which can change displacement information into time signal, is selected as the foundation of a new type multi-parameter automatic tank gauging system. 2. Operating principle and measuring precision of conventional liquidometer based on magnetostriction is researched, and measuring theory of a new type of elastic wire magnetostrictive liquidometer is brought forward.3. Temperature influence on measuring precision of magnetostrictive liquidometer is researched and a magnetostrictive liquidometer sensor with function of self-calibration and removing temperature deviation is designed. 4. “Multi-floater relative displacement” method is brought forward, and on-line measurement of liquid density based on Magnetostriction Effect is realized with high precision. Measuring precision of density sensor based on Magnetostriction Effect is verified through theoretical analysis and experiments. <WP=5>5. Influence of oil density change on measuring precision of magnetostrictive liquidometer sensor is researched and a method of correcting liquid level measuring error taking account of measuring value of density is put forward. 6. A new algorithm of calculating oil product volume precisely taking account of tank table, measuring value of liquid level and interface is brought forward.7. Temperature gradient distribution in tank, principle of tank temperature measurement, and temperature compensation algorithm are researched.8. Tank leakage detection method founded on small mass change is achieved taking advantage of ANN technology. 9. An intelligent digital multi-parameter sensor for automatic tank gauging is developed taking advantage of SCM, Embedded Internet, and digital communication technique. Together with superior management software which is newly programmed, the new type automatic tank gauging system is built up.更多还原