【作者】 张智；

【导师】 袁祥辉；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 仪器科学与技术， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 红外成像技术具有良好的应用前景，在国民经济的多个领域正得到日益广泛的应用，尤其是在军事领域。红外焦平面阵列(IR FPA)主要由探测器和读出电路(ROC)两部分组成。IR FPA对其ROC要求比较苛刻，如低功耗，探测器偏压稳定，阵列尺寸和中心距小，尤其是在背景电流很大的情况下，如何进行背景抑制，以提高探测灵敏度和信噪比等等。目前的各种方案中，有的电路太复杂，不适于大规模IR FPA应用；有的对阈值电压波动太敏感，读出性能差；有的没有良好的背景电流抑制功能，动态范围小，不适于高背景条件(例如：空对地，地对地) 条件下的应用。针对上述问题，作者在充分了解国内外的最新研究现状后，作为主研人之一参与了国家自然科学基金项目“红外焦平面阵列新结构高性能CMOS 读出电路研究” (批准号：60077025)，并参与了实验室的一系列科研项目。作者首先分析了在CMOS集成电路设计中的几个主要技术问题，如MOS电容、MOS FET的沟道长度调制效应、CMOS简单电流镜和Wilson电流镜。然后介绍了现有的多种红外焦平面阵列CMOS读出电路方案，并对其中的几种方案进行了细致的分析和对比，如DI结构与BDI结构的对比，以及具有背景抑制功能的BGMI结构，并指出了现有技术的优点和不足之处。在对目前的红外焦平面CMOS读出电路技术的详细分析的基础上，针对现有技术的缺陷，结合模拟和数字电子技术、光电子技术、微电子技术、计算机技术等多学科交叉知识，创新性地改进和提出了几种新结构红外焦平面CMOS读出电路技术(如改进了文献[12] 中的背景电流存储抑制结构、提出了新结构的暗像元背景抑制结构)，在国内外首次提出了动态源随器的概念，并在此基础上构建了一种新结构的相关双采样技术。而后，通过PSPICE完成了基于上述创新点而设计的具有背景电流抑制功能的电路设计；利用IC版图设计工具Tanner，完成了其IC版图的设计工作；还用MAXPLUS II设计了多种驱动信号源，包括上述新结构红外焦平面CMOS读出电路的驱动信号源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Infrared image technique is becoming more and more common, and expected to be used in many fields of the national economy, especially in the military fields. Infrared-focal-plane-array (IR FPA) is mainly made up of two parts: detector and readout-circuit (ROC). IR FPA has a high requirement to its ROC, such as low power consumption, stable detector bias, small pixel size and pixel pitch, especially ways of suppressing the background current before the integration node in the large background current situation to improve the detecting sensitivity and the signal noise ratio, and to reduce the integration time and integration capacitor. However, the present technologies have their defects, like complex circuit, which can not be applied to the large format IR FPA, sensitive to the threshold voltage, without background current suppression, and low dynamic range, which can not be applied in the high background circumstances.Aiming at the above problems, this author has read many latest corresponding materials at home and abroad, and has got a general view of the state of arts of IR FPA. As one of the main researchers, this author accomplished the project supported by NSFC (granted NO. 60077025), Study on New Structural High Performance CMOS Readout Circuit for IR FPA, and also participated in other projects.To many key technical problems in CMOS ROIC design, such as MOS capacitor, channel length modulation effect of MOS FET, CMOS simple current mirror (CM), Wilson current mirror, and several readout circuit structures (DI, BDI and BGMI structure), this author made deep and systemic analyses about the operational principle and circuit design, and also using electronic CAD (PSPICE, Tanner Ledit, and MAXPLUS II, etc.), emulated many types of ROIC at different operational circumstances and technical conditions.And based on the general analysis and understanding of the state of arts of CMOS readout techniques for IR FPA, this author points out the strong points and weak points of the state of art of ROIC, and creatively improves several new types of CMOS readout techniques for IR FPA, just like improving the present background current suppression technique in paper [12], and brings forth a new kind of dummy background current suppression technique, and puts forward the novel dynamic source-follower for the first <WP=6>time, on the basis of which this author constructs a novel correlated-double-sampling (CDS) technique.This author accomplished designing the corresponding circuits and their IC layout, and programmed many kinds of signal sources, including that for the novel CMOS readout technique for IR FPA with dynamic source-follower.更多还原