【作者】 程惠霞；

【导师】 于永达；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 金融管制放松时代，银行业日渐注重资本与规模运营，并购成为银行业竞争新手段，在此背景下出现中小银行遭遇生存发展危机的表象。围绕中小银行危机表象展开的理论争鸣并没有得到一致认可的结论。本论文希望通过中小银行生存机理、发展模式和策略选择分析进一步深化中小银行研究，完善现代商业银行理论；通过回答中小银行能否生存、为什么能生存、怎么样生存与发展等问题，为正确认识中小银行及其发展规律提供一个实用分析框架，为处于困境中的中国中小银行发展指明变革取向和实际操作方向，为新时期中国银行业体系改革深化提供理论前提。本论文通过对不同规模银行的功能、发展规律与经营效率比较分析，阐明了中小银行生存与发展机理的核心是与所在社区之间的互动，中小企业和社区居民需求是它们得以成长的坚实基础，通过竞争形成层级分明的生态圈结构是构建有活力中小银行体系的前提。本论文采用图像流程与分析方法介绍了台湾世华银行四个阶段的价值链、策略要素及组合等图像流程，并以一个成功案例揭示了中小银行的发展规律，即中小银行生存与发展的关键在于明确自身价值链及相应的策略组合选择。本论文首次明确提出中小银行是一个相对而发展的概念，将其内涵扩展至传统非银行中小金融机构，将网络经济融入中小银行发展，通过案例证实网络对中小银行生存的重要性。本论文超越简单策略与对策研究，指出中小银行生存发展关键是在价值链与竞争策略要素分析基础上确定适合的策略要素组合，寻找自己的生存运作空间，把中小银行研究推进到一个实际操作分析阶段。本论文认为中国银行制度渐进式改革既成就了中小银行发展，也形成了中小银行进一步发展的环境约束，监管机构有必要适当介入改善其外部经营环境，同时要求中小银行自身变革，并寻求恰当发展模式和发展策略。本论文首次将地区经济发展不平衡与中小银行地理分布、发展模式和策略选择相结合，阐述了中国中小银行发展模式的地区化特征，并由此提出中小银行生态圈概念，指出处于生态圈不同层次的中小银行只有选择恰当的竞争策略才能获得长远发展。本论文通过中小银行生存与发展机理、价值链构成、策略要素分析与策略要素组合等研究，得出以下结论：银行规模决定于经济水平，大银行与中小银行发展并不相悖，两者是共生共存关系；中小银行生存与发展的关键是在银行生态圈中找到运作空间，选择合适的发展模式和经营策略；中国中小银行有着不同于他国的特性，其生存与发展需要政策支持，但其自身变革和策略选择也同样重要。更多还原

【Abstract】 The environment of global banking has been changed largely with financial deregulation since 1970s. The banking began to pay attention to management of capital scale and financial supermarket. M&A has become a new competitive means for whole banking, resulting in the phenomena about survival crises for small-medium banks. However, the academic debates about the crisis phenomena have not concluded conformably. The author hopes to deepen smaller-bank study, make modern commercial banking theory better through analysis of smaller-banks ’ survival mechanism, growing mode and strategy selection. Through answer such questions as whether or not smaller-banks could survive? Why could they survive and how to survive? This paper provides a practical analytic frame for understanding smaller-banks and theirs growing rule accurately, demonstrating the altermode and practice operation aspects for Chinese smaller-banks in deep end, and offering a theoretic precondition for Chinese banking system reformation in a new era.After comparing the role, growing mode and management efficiency between large banks and smaller ones, the author points out the core of smaller-banks development is the interaction between smaller-banks and community, financial demand of small-medium businesses and the residents is their leading exercise space. It is necessary for market competition to delaminate smaller banks, making those excellent to stand out. Smaller bank in different layer and phase has different value chain and tactics combination selection. The analysis about value chain, tactic factors and their picturing flow charts of Taiwan ShiHua bank during the four developing phases proved that the hinge of smaller-banks development is to definitude value chain structure and tactics selection.The paper puts forward "small-medium bank" is a relative and developed concept for the first time, making its connotation extened to traditional non-bank finacial institutions, combining internet and smaller banks development, and proving the importance of internet to smaller banks’ existence. The paper surpasses simple study<WP=7>of mameuver and countermeasure, points that the key of smaller banks existence and development is to make sure proper tactics combination on the base of analysis of smaller banks’ value chain and competition tactic elements, searching own living space, thereout to advances smaller bank study to a practical stage. The paper considers that the characters of Chinese banking system reform have made smaller banks succeed, but it is also the restriction confronted smaller banks. It is indispensable for proper government intervention to improve the outer condition of smaller-banks. At the same time, small-medium banks must change themselves, finding right growing mode and tactics combination. It is the first time in this paper to combine imbalance of reginal economic development and smaller banks geographical distributing, growing mode and tactics selection, expatiating reginal characters of Chinese smaller banks growing mode, and to advance a concept about smaller banking ecotypic economy, indicating that no other than correct growing mode and tactics selection, Chinese smaller banking ecotypic economy would realize good circulation during dynamic development.This paper concludes that bank scale is decided by economic level. Larger banks and smaller ones development do not conflict, they have symbiotic relationship. Economic imbalance requires developing smaller banks. To obtain developing opportunities in banking ecotypic economy, smaller banks must select compatible mode and tactics. Chinese smaller banks and their development have some particularities other than those in other countries, proper government intervention is indispensable. However, theirs own innovation and tactics selection are more important.更多还原