【作者】 车双良；

【导师】 周军；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 导航、制导与控制， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 光电测控系统主要指以光学原理采集飞行目标信息，经处理得到所需弹道参数与目标特性参数，并获取飞行实况图像资料的专用测控系统，是导弹、航天测控体系的重要组成部分。其优点是测量精度高；直观性强；因此，常用于弹道测量、飞行实况记录、物理特性参数测量等。论文以某型号光电测控系统为背景，对高精度光电测控系统及其控制策略进行了研究。 论文通过对国内外光电测控系统发展与研究情况的分析，总结了光电测控系统技术发展、演变的特点，及其整机结构形式的发展和演变的特点，并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。 介绍了光电经纬仪的工作原理与测量原理。介绍了测控系统中常用的交会测量解算目标参数的“L”、“K”和“m”公式。重点讨论了多台光电经纬仪交会测量的最小二乘估计方法。 以“X小型遥控光电经纬仪”为背景，研究了双反射镜式光电经纬仪的总体设计。在总体布局上提出一种新的结构形式——“混合式”结构光电经纬仪。同时对象增强高速摄影系统及其特性、垂直轴系统及其结构可靠性进行了深入的研究。 研究了光电经纬仪外场星校方法。首先根据“X小型遥控光电经纬仪”的探测能力建立了星库、星表。其次讨论了各项误差对光电经纬仪测量精度的影响，并建立了求解各单项误差的模型。最后，讨论了利用拍星数据解算各项误差的方法，并给出了基于视窗的可视化工程应用软件系统。 研究、分析了光电经纬仪动力学特性，建立了其非线性微分方程组。结合“X小型遥控光电经纬仪”的具体参数对微分方程进行分析简化，得到了工程化的光电经纬仪数学模型及控制对象的数学模型。 在深入分析光电经纬仪动力学特性的基础上，讨论了光电经纬仪的控制策略。提出了一种基于解耦的自适应模糊变结构控制策略，为光电测控系统的控制策略提供了新的思路。同时，分析了光电经纬仪的结构动态特性对伺服控制系统的影响。 在论文的最后部分，给出了简单的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The optical-electronic measurement and control system is a main part of missile and space measurement and control system. It can get the information, trajectory parameter and characteristic parameter of the target by optical principle. It has high-accuracy and good directly perceived through the senses. Its main application are trajectory measurement, flying live recording and physics characteristic parameter measurement etc.. This dissertation is mainly focused on the research of high-accuracy optical-electronic measurement and control system and its control strategy on the background of a model optical-electronic measurement and control system.First, the research and development situation of national and international of optical-electronic measurement and control system is analyzed. The development characteristic in technology and structure form of optical-electronic measurement and control system is summed up. The development tendency in the future is forecasted.Second, the operation principle and measurement principle of optical-electronic theodolite are introduced. The "L" formula, "K" formula and "m" formula of optical-electronic measurement and control system for intersecting measurement are introduced. And the least square estimation method of multi-optical-electronic theodolites intersecting measurement is discussed.The overall design of the double reflector optical-electronic theodolite is studied on the background of "the X small remote-control optical-electronic theodolite". A new structure form of overall-layout-"hybrid-type" structureoptical-electronic theodolite is put forward. At the same time, the specific properties of image intensifier high speed photography system, the structure reliability of vertical shafting system are studied.The calibration method w ith star of optical-electronic theodolite is discussed. First, the star library and star table are set up by the detectability of "the X small remote-control optical-electronic theodolite ". Second, the effect o f each individual error to the measuring accuracy of optical-electronic theodolite is analysis. In the end, the method of resolving each individual error by the star data information is discussed, and the engineering application software system based on windows is given.The dynamics characteristic of optical-electronic theodolite is analysis, and the unlinear differential equations of optical-electronic theodolite is set up. The equations is simplified with concrete parameter of "the X small remote-control optical-electronic theodolite ". The mathematic model of optical-electronic theodolite control target is set up.The control strategy of optical-electronic theodolite is discussed. The method of decoupling-based adaptive fuzzy variable structure control is put forward, it is a new try of the control strategy for high-accuracy optical-electronic measurement and control system. At the same time, the effect of structure dynamics characteristic to the servo control system of optical-electronic theodolite is analyzed.Some simple conclusions are given in the last part of this dissertation.更多还原