【作者】 魏青；

【导师】 李葆萱；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 航空宇航推进理论与工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 在大量实验和理论分析的基础上，对高含硼富燃固体推进剂药浆和加入多种功能组分后药浆的流变学特性进行了深入地研究，以期为高含硼富燃固体推进剂的研制和进一步提高含硼量、改善燃烧等性能选定有效的功能组分和提供含硼推进剂药浆工艺评价的流变学参数。 1、对国产NDJ-4型旋转粘度计的改良、校验及其重要流变学参数估算。表明改良后的粘度计可以对粘度低于2.0 kPa s的推进剂药浆进行流变特性研究和表征。 2、将MAPO、T313、及自制的SH等工艺助剂用于AP／HTPB悬浮液中进行流变学实验研究，发现自制的SH是一种对AP尤其是细粒AP表面性质能改善的有效表面活性助剂，使AP／HTPB悬浮液体系的剪切速率指数明显提高，改善了悬浮液的流变性。 3、用进口HAAKE旋转粘度仪对不同包覆硼粉在硼含量为30％以上的实验配方药浆中的流变特性研究，筛选出用20％AP包覆的硼粉所制成的药浆不仅流平性好而且适用期长，同时找到了含硼量为30％的高含硼量推进剂药浆成功研制的成熟工艺过程及条件，为配方的进一步定型奠定了较扎实的技术和理论基础。 4、为了使现有含硼推进剂的燃烧等性能进一步提高和改善，同时为了能使现有含硼推进剂药浆浇铸后得到结构完整性和均匀性更好的药柱，在2、3研究的基础上，对AP的级配、低燃点金属燃烧剂的品种和加入量等进行了较深入的研究，结果表明：这些组分进行调节后的各药浆的流平性变化均能满足浇铸要求，并制成能进行推进剂其它性能测试的小方坯。 5、在研究了该基本配方工艺可行性的基础上，利用正交实验法筛选出几个有代表性的配方，分别制成了小方坯，通过在大气中点燃观察，用靶线法测试燃速以及DSC等实验，进行了含硼富燃固体推进剂配方及其燃烧性能改善的研究。结果表明：调整AP级配使细粒AP含量增加和用20％AP包覆硼的配方，燃烧稳定，残杂分散性好，燃速在低压(0.5MPa)下为2.94mm／s。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basis of a great deal of experiments and theoretical analysis, rheologica! properties of slurries on high boron-based fuel-rich solid propellants, and those of the formula containing varieties functional components, have been studied in details. One of aims is to determine the appreciate functional components for the propellant research and manufacture, in the same time, further raising boron content, improving combustion performances and so on. The other is to provide rheology parameters for technical evaluation of slurries of boron-based propellants.1. A NDJ-4 type Rotary Viscometer made in Shanghai has been ameliorated and calibrated, and a set of important rheological parameters for the evaluation of rheological properties of slurries has been obtained. The result of the work shows that improved viscometer can be used to perform and characterize the related investigations on the rheological properties of the propellants slurries of which the apparent viscosity is less than 2.0 kPa s.2. Some function assistant agents, such as MAPO, T313 and home-made SH, were used in AP / HTPB suspensions. The results indicate that SH is of an effective surfactant for AP, especially for superfine AP. It can not only improve the surface properties of superfine AP, but can obviously raise shear rate exponent of AP / HTPB suspensions and the performance of the rheological behavior of suspensions.3. Boron coated with different content AP on the rheological properties of the slurry containing 30 % boron have been carried out with the help of the SV2 / SV2FL measuring system in HAAKE Rotary viscometer. The experimental results reveal that the rheological properties of the slurry of boron coated with 20 % AP is best, namely, the slurry has a good levelability and a long pot life. The optimumconditions in the preparation of the boron-based propellant with 30 % boron in weight were obtained, and a technical and theoretical foundation has been established for the formulae determination.4. In order to further improve and raise storage, energy and combustion properties of boron-based fuel-rich solid propellant, while the present slurries of boron-based fuel-rich solid propellant can be cast and cured to form defect-free propellant grain, AP grading and metal fuels changing including variety and addition amount have been adjusted and investigated. The result shows that, after the adjustment, all the slurries can be cast to obtain structural perfect propellant grain which may be used to test various propellant properties.5. Based on the orthogonal experimental design, the representative formulae were distinguished from the formulae feasible in the process. According to these formulae, the propellant blocks or grains were produced. The relation of the formula of boron-based fuel-rich solid propellant and the combustion rates has been investigated by the experiments of determining the combustion rates of the blocks or grains through the strand burner method and observation from igniting on the air. And the heat of condensation phase reaction was determined by DSC experiment. The experimental results indicate that the formulae of high content fine AP and coated boron with 20 % AP is of a stable combustion in the air, while having a rate of 2.94 mm / s under the combustion pressure of 0.5 M Pa.更多还原