【作者】 汤宝平；

【导师】 秦树人；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 1999年12月，国家自然科学基金委在广州召开的机械学科“十五”优先资助领域研讨会会议纪要中明确指出：“测试测量仪器的发展方向是‘虚拟化’、‘控件化’”，本文所研究的新一代智能控件化虚拟仪器系统正是在这一背景下提出的。论文主要从新一代智能控件化虚拟仪器产生的思想基础、系统的软件构架、仪器的数学建模、核心的组成单元和零编程开发系统等方面展开了深入研究。 提出了基于秦氏模型智能虚拟控件的仪器设计与制造新概念。秦氏模型是智能控件化虚拟仪器产生的思想基础，它是一种新的仪器模式，这一极富创造性的思想是：将非智能虚拟控件经“功能赋予”后与仪器功能进行“测试融合”从而形成“智能仪器单元”，通过积木式的随机拼搭，可直接在PC机内形成成百上千、类型用途各异的虚拟仪器并显示在屏幕上直接供用户使用。在秦氏模型中“功能赋予”、“测试融合”和“积木式拼搭”是三个重要的概念，是设计开发系统的理论与技术基础。文中从秦氏模型的原理、智能虚拟控件的模型要素、基于“功能赋予”和“测试融合”的智能虚拟控件的形成原理和以框架协议开发系统为核心的智能控件化虚拟仪器的形成原理等几方面阐述了这一思想。秦氏模型智能虚拟控件的最大特点是使仪器中的功能模块与控件模块实现了融合，把仪器的功能、性能、控制关系等等全部有机地融合于一个或几个部件之中。它的实现使仪器从传统的整机演变为部件，从根本上改变了仪器的设计与制造模式。 设计了基于层次消息总线的智能控件化虚拟仪器系统构架模式。该模式采用统一的方式刻划智能虚拟控件和由智能控件构成的智能控件化虚拟仪器系统，其中包括控件的接口、控件的静态结构、控件的动态行为和层次消息总线等方面的内容，并支持系统运行时刻的动态演化，即在运行时刻进行功能修改、扩展和剪裁，使在动态条件下：增加和删除控件、增加和删除消息响应登记和改变消息过滤规则。基于层次消息总线的软件构架是智能控件化虚拟仪器系统实现的蓝图，为智能虚拟控件的集成组装提供了坚实的技术基础。 研究了基于模块化建模的智能控件化虚拟仪器数学建模的方法。本文通过对多种测试分析仪器的原理、功能、性能、精度指标、使用对象和使用环境等研究，采用模块化建模方法，对虚拟仪器典型共性部件的模块化数学建模进行了详细论述。建立的典型共性部件模块模型主要有：信号变换统一数学模型、重庆大学博士学位论文三维数据场数学模型、虚拟显示器数学模型。并以噪声倍频程分析仪和旋转机械阶比分析仪为例，介绍了模块化建模方法在具体仪器建模中的应用。模块化建模方法将智能控件化虚拟仪器从技术研究提升到了基础研究，为智能控件化虚拟仪器的设计、制造提供了理论基础。 进行了基于复用的智能虚拟控件的设计与制造。智能虚拟控件是智能控件化虚拟仪器系统中的核心组成部分，由开发系统中的仪器拼搭场拼搭出的虚拟仪器的种类和数量，有赖于智能虚拟控件成品库的可复用控件的种类和数量的多少。文中从控件的内聚、祸合和复用三个方面讨论了控件的优化设计方法，介绍了基于面向对象的非智能虚拟控件的计算机表达方法，编制了非智能虚拟控件的电子分类档案，建立了智能虚拟控件的层次结构及其描述方式，实现了基于层次消息总线的可复用智能虚拟控件的制造，避免了系统开发时不断地重复设计，从而大幅度地降低了开发成本，提高了生产效率和产品质量。 实现了基于柔性综合集成技术的智能控件化虚拟仪器零编程开发系统。本文在介绍面向控制、数据和显示的综合集成技术基础上，论述了智能控件化虚拟仪器零编程装配机理—基于知识的柔性综合集成技术，研制成功了智能控件化虚拟仪器的仪器拼搭场—基于知识的柔性综合集成系统(FIS)，FIS既可实现测试仪器的功能集成和控件集成，同时又可对两种集成通过功能赋予再实现融合，为形成拼搭式虚拟仪器提供软性操作平台，即软装配、软调试、软修改、软测试等等;通过FIS，实现了可复用智能虚拟控件的拼搭组装;最后讨论了零编程开发系统的动态模拟运行和演化。利用该系统用户不需要编程就可方便地开发和使用虚拟仪器，较之其它虚拟仪器开发系统，降低了用户开发虚拟仪器的难度，为虚拟仪器的大众化发展提供了条件。 文章最后对本文工作进行了总结和对智能控件化虚拟仪器系统的研究进行了展望。 本文得到了国家自然科学基金重点项目“面向机械测试的控件化虚拟仪器系统的研究”(批准号:50135050)和重庆市科技攻关项目“新一代控件化虚拟仪器”(编号:2001一6704)的资助。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was pointed out clearly that the developing direction of measurement and test instruments was ’Virtual’ and ’Control’ in the summary of proseminar on "fifteen" priority supported domain in mechanism subject, which was held by National Nature Science Fund Committee in Guangzhou city in December, 1999. Therefore, the new generation of virtual instrument (VI) system based on intelligent virtual control (IVC) was put forward under the background. The main aspects of the research are the procreant thought of the new IVC-based-VI system, system’s software architecture, IVC-based-VI mathematical modeling, key component of system and null-programming developing system.New concept of design and manufacture instrument based on Qin’s IVC was put forward. Qin’s model is the procreant thought of IVC-based-VI, and It is new pattern of instrument. The creationary thought is: Non-IVC can be turned into intelligent instrument unit with the function of actual measurement instruments by the function endowing and test fusing, and these units can be used as basic building blocks for a variety of more complex virtual measurement instruments on a PC computer. Three important concept of Qin’s model are function endowing, test fusing and assembling as building blocks, and they are the basis of theory and technology for designing developing system. The principle of Qin’s model, model element of IVC, forming principle of IVC based on function endowing and test fusing, and forming principle of IVC-based-VI system based on frame agreement developing system are introduced. The characteristic of Qin’s IVC is that it fuses the function modules and the controls modules so that the relationship between the functions and controls of an instrument is imbedded in one or more units. The implementation of Qin’s IVC evolves instrument from whole to part, and change radically the mode of design and manufacture instrument.IVC-based-VI system’s software architectural pattern based on hierarchical message bus (HMB) is designed. The HMB pattern describes IVC and IVC-based-VI system with uniform mode, and it consists of external interfaces, static structure, dynamic behavior and hierarchical message bus. The HMB pattern supports dynamic evolution of system on running time, namely the function of system can be modified, appended and deleted. For example, It can append and delete IVC, message response register, and change rule of message filter. The HMB based software architectural is blueprint of implementation for IVC-based-VI system, and affords integration and assembling of IVC with stability technology basis.The modular mathematical modeling method of IVC-based-VI is studied. By studying the principle, function, performance, precision indicator, working condition, the mathematical modeling of VI’s representative common components is discussed in detail through modular modeling method. The modular model of representativecommon components includes signal transform uniform mathematical model, Three-dimensions data field mathematical model and virtual display screen mathematical model. Using noise octave analyzer and order analyzer for rotating machine as example, the application of modular modeling method is introduced. The modular modeling method promotes IVC-based-VI from technology research to theory research, and affords design and manufacture of IVC-based-VI with theory basis.The design and manufacture of reusable IVC have been done. FVC is the key component of the IVC-based-VI system, and the kinds and amounts of VI assembled by the instrument assemblage site of the developing system depend on how many reusable controls in the IVC base. Optimizing design method of control is discussed through discussing the cohesion, coupling and reuse of control. The object oriented expression of non-IVC is introduced, and the electronical classification files of non-IVC is edited. The hiberarchy and expression of FVC are also been set up, and the design and manufacture of reusable FVC based HMB is realized. The repeating design is avoided during更多还原