【作者】 周新宇；

【导师】 海锦涛； 李杰；

【作者基本信息】 机械科学研究院 ， 机械设计及理论， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 人、知识和信息是现代制造系统中决定性要素。设计数据和设计知识对制造业发展的制约越来越明显，对锻件产品开发更为突出。利用先进的知识管理理念和信息技术的成果合理有效地管理已有的设计知识资源，加强在知识产生过程以及知识创新中的管理，为设计者提供良好的设计环境，使得设计者能够快速获取与运用设计知识，最大限度地发挥他们的聪明才智是实现产品设计目标的重要保证，对我国锻造业发展、产品竞争力的提高有着极其重要的意义。 本文顺应制造业信息化的发展趋势，在知识管理这一崭新的管理理念的指导下，研究网络技术、CSCW技术、人工智能技术和数据库技术在锻件产品开发这一重要工程领域的应用，首次从建立知识管理系统平台的角度出发，实现锻件产品开发知识的组织表示、获取、传播和共享等关键技术，是具有理论价值和实践意义的尝试。 本文的主要工作为： 1、针对知识管理系统框架体系的建立，讨论了知识管理的目的、任务和主要内容；归纳总结了知识管理系统的支撑技术；阐明了知识管理系统的特点；提出了面向协同锻件产品开发知识管理系统的体系结构、网络模型和功能模型；明确了知识管理系统的开发步骤。 2、针对锻件产品开发知识的组织和表示，讨论了锻件产品开发过程中领域知识、实例知识和设计历史的特点和表示方法；提出了问题—解答—准则(QAC—Question Answer Criteria)模型用以表示设计原理；给出了面向协同产品开发的集成知识表示模式。讨论了锻件产品开发知识管理系统中设计仓库的内容和系统构成，提出了基于设计仓库的锻件产品开发流程。 3、针对提高锻件开发过程中的知识获取效率和实现智能设计支持，机械科学研究院博士学位论文 首次提出了运用推拉技术和数据挖掘技术实现智能知识供应的策 略;提出了智能知识供应的Agent模型;提出了用户兴趣度的度量 模型，提出了用户访问的兴趣度矩阵，给出了相关的挖掘方法。4、从提供良好的协同开发环境，最大限度地使信息和知识在交流过 程中得到融合和升华的角度，以Delphi法，Brain storm法、群体 过程理论和综合集成法等为理论基础提出了基于M触b和群件技术 的研讨评价环境模型;研究了研讨评价模型在锻件成形性及工艺优 化中的应用;提出了一种从研讨评价会议录中提取设计原理的方 法，并给出了设计原理提取工具的结构模型。5、依据协同锻件产品开发知识管理系统的网络模型和功能模型建立 了原型系统，对综合管理(任务管理、文档管理和人员管理)、个 人秘书、讨论园地、研讨评价环境(研讨室、电子白板和网上评价)、 知识供应和设计仓库进行了实践，验证了系统原理的正确性和实践 的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The people, knowledge, and information are decisive key elements in contemporary manufacturing systems. Design data and knowledge are more and more obvious in restriction of manufacturing industry s development, more outstanding in the forging product development. To realize the goal of product development, a lot of efforts have to be taken, such as utilizing the advanced knowledge management theory and achievement of the information technology to manage the existing design knowledge resource effectively, strengthening the management in the process of regular and innovation design, offering a good supporting environment to designers, making designers be able to obtain and use the design knowledge fast, making full use of the designers’ intelligence and wisdom. The research on above issues has very important meanings to the improvement of the products competitiveness of the domestic forging industry.Under the guidance of the knowledge management theory, a systematic research is carried out in this paper which focuses on the architecture and key technologies of knowledge management for the forging product development. A prototype platform is set up to realize knowledge organization, acquisition, transferring and sharing in the process of forging product development based on the network technology , CSCW technology, artificial intelligence technology and data base technology. This research is of very important theoretic and practical value in improving the design supporting capability in forging product development.The main content of research is as follows:1. In order to set up architecture of knowledge management system, the purpose, task, the main content and support technologies of the knowledge management system are summarized. The architecture, the network model and the function model of the forging product development knowledge management system are brought forward. The development measure of the management system is addressed.2. To organize and represent the knowledge of the forging product development, the domain knowledge, design case and design history are studied. In order to represent the design rational, the QAC(Question Answer Criteria) model is put forward. The integrated knowledge expression model towards cooperative product development is proposed. The structure and content of the design repository in the knowledge management system are studied. The procedure of forging product development on the basis of design repository is established.3. To improve the efficiency of knowledge acquisition and realize intelligent design support in the course of forging product development, based on push/pull and KDD technology ,an intelligent knowledge supply approach is presented. It includes the agent model, the user intent matrix model and relevant cluster analysis algorithm.4. The research on discuss and evaluation model aims at developing a cooperate design environment that supports the combination and externalization of the information and knowledge in the course of communicating to the maximum extent. Based on Delphi, Brainstorm, group procession theory and Metasynthesis, one integrated discuss and evaluation model is brought forward. This model is applied to analysis the formability and process optimization of the forging components. A design rational abstracting method and support tool is addressed to help the knowledge engineer acquiring QAC from the workshop recorder.5. The prototype system is set up in coordination with the network model and the function model of the knowledge management system of forging product development. The main functions, such as the synthetic management(task management, file management and personal management), personal secretary, BBS, the workshop environment ( meeting room, electron white board and evaluation on the Web), knowledge supply and design repository are carried on practice. The exactness and feasibility of the prototype system have been verified.更多还原