【作者】 刘晓红；

【导师】 陈定方；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 近年来，虚拟现实技术日益成熟，为设计者提供了视、听、触觉一体化的设计环境，虚拟概念设计也成为了虚拟设计的一个重要发展的方向。由于虚拟环境的逼真性，因此对概念设计建模技术提出了更高的要求。虚拟环境下的机械产品概念设计模型已不再停留在传统的原理符号设计阶段，而应具有直观性和可视性。概念设计方案本身是三维虚拟实体的，并以虚拟样件的形式出现在设计人员面前。因此，在虚拟环境下机械产品概念设计建模不仅具有静态信息而且还应有动态信息。在虚拟环境下进行机械产品建模，几何建模是机械产品建模的基础，行为建模则体现了虚拟环境下机械产品建模的特征。尽管常规的CAD软件可以用计算机动画技术表现物体的运动，但它与虚拟环境中的产品行为建模有很大的不同。本文针对虚拟概念设计中产品行为建模的特点，提出了一种新的建模思路。论文的主要研究内容与创新如下： 论文首先综述了虚拟概念设计的概况和虚拟环境中行为建模特点。阐述了本文研究的目的和意义。 然后从它的建模过程出发，把它看作是由多个虚拟实体相互协作而完成特定任务的内分布式系统，提出基于多Agent的内协同式整体行为建模方法，对内协同式、整体建模及多Agent概念进行了阐述，并建立了内协同式整体行为建模模型。 接着对整个建模过程进行了分析，把整个建模过程分为三个层次，即结构层，状态层和约束层，分别建立了实体结构模型、状态模型和约束模型。并把三个模型联系起来，对整个模型采用多色集合理论进行了形式化描述。这种模型克服了现有行为模型的某些不足。它改变了传统概念设计中的串行建模模式，采用了并行建模模式，从而提高了建模效率。它适合并发处理和实时表现。 同时本文围绕虚拟概念设计行为建模的关键技术：建模方法、建模体系结构、建模工具、计算模型等展开了讨论。针对本系统的建模特点，在现有的面向Agent建模方法上进行了扩展，提出了本系统的面向Agent的建模方法。它采取目标—事件驱动方法来满足面向Agent的需求获取。从传统的“以功能为中心”变成了“以目标—事件为中心”。并且每个Agent都具有各自独立的目标。引入了Agent组织结构模型，并突出多组织、层次组织的概念。将Agent组织分解为多个更小的组织，即子Agent组织。在这些组织中分析虚拟实体(实体+Agent) 武汉理工大学博士学位论文的交互，使问题的复杂度大大降低。还将虚拟实体建模和Agcnt组织建模技术结合起来。组织建模所建立的Agent组织结构模型为虚拟实体的存在和定义、虚拟实体的交互提供了上下文，而虚拟实体建模用于精化Ageni组织结构中子Ageni模型。并对整个系统的动态行为进行描述。表现出虚拟实体之间的交互行为。虚拟实体之间除了消息传递机制外，还有约束传播机制。 对于多Agcnt的结构，我们把它与人工智能技术结合起来。从“控制论”和“进化论”两方面相结合出发，采用模板来构造，使整个系统具有智能性。 虚拟概念设计中零部件实体行为建模的路径规划问题，使用了遗传算法的规划策略实现实时避障.多个零部件实体装配时移动的位置和方向由智能Agcnt互通消息获得。本文对编码和适应度函数进行了研究，使它加速遗传算法的执行以便于实时控制。 通过分析多智能体协作问题的研究现状，为了寻找途径简单而又能有效地实现多智能体系统体系结构与协作，使得多智能体系统能够具有一定的适应动态环境的能力，并且通过多智能体学习，能够根据环境的改变进行自身行为乃至自身体系结构的改变，从而达到自适应的效果，我们借鉴自然界中物种之间协同进化机制而得到的协进化计算思想，提出了各个Agent的协调采用协同进化建模方法。本文介绍了协进化智能体的分层设计方法，协进化智能体之间以及智能体与环境之间的交互过程，并设计了基于协进化方法的多智能体协作系统仿真框架，以主轴箱多轴齿轮行为建模为背景进行了实验研究。 最后，本文介绍了面向虚拟概念设计的行为建模工具的总体结构、基本建造原理和方法。该工具以本论文所建立的理论、方法和模型为基础，具有开放性和自适应性，能提高建模效率。采用该建模工具，能迅速建立产品概念设计模型。 论文在总结全文工作的基础上，对进一步研究提出了建议和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, virtual reality technique is increasingly mature. A design environmental which seeing, hearing and sensing integrate a whole is provided by virtual reality technique. Virtual conceptual design also became an importance direction that virtual design is developing. For lifelike of virtual environment concept design modeling technique is brought up to higher require. The model of machine product conceptual design under virtual environment already is not stay no longer stage of tradition’s principle sign. But it should have audio-visual and sight. Concept design project is three- dimensional virtual entity and it with virtual prototype machine is emerged in front of the design personnel.. Therefore, under the virtual environment machine product modeling of concept design not only have the static information but also should still have the dynamic information. Under the virtual environment machine product modeling is proceeded. Geometry modeling is a foundation of product modeling and behavior modeling reflects characteristic of machine product modeling under virtual environment. Despite the normal CAD software can express object’s sport by use animation technique of computer , but it is very bigly different from behavior modeling of product in the virtual environment.. Aim at the characteristics of machine product behavior modeling in virtual environment, the doctoral dissertation presents a new thinking of modeling.. The major contents and innovation of the research are listed as following.In the doctoral dissertation general situation of virtual conceptual design and characteristics of behavior modeling in virtual environment first are overviewed. The aim and significance of the research work are introduced.Then from its behavior modeling process, we think that it is inside distribute type system of multi-virtual entity to complete the particular mission each other cooperatively.. The behavior modeling method of inside cooperative based on multi-Agent is brought forward. The concept of inside cooperative type, whole modeling and multi- Agent are introduced. And the model of inside cooperative whole type behavior modeling is established.After that we analyzed whole modeling process and whole modeling process is divided into three level of structure, namely entity construction layer, state layer and constraints layer. The model of entity construction, the model of state and the model of constraints are established. This kind of model overcame some lack of the current behavior model. The series modeling mode of the traditional concept design is changed by it and the parallel modeling mode is adopt. Thus modeling efficiency is increased. It suits to concurrent handle and real-time express.At the same time the doctoral dissertation launch into the discussion around the behavior modeling key technique of virtual conceptual design: modeling method, construction of modeling system , modeling tool, calculation model etc. Aim at modeling characteristics of this system Agent oriented modeling method at current is expanded by us. The Agent oriented modeling method of this system is presented. It adopt the method that is moved by target and event to the satisfaction requirement oriented of the Agent. It became "the center with target and event" from the tradition’s " regarding function as the center". And each Agent all have target on its own. The organization construction model of Agent is led into . The concept of multi-organization and level of structure organization are outstanding. Organize of Agent is resolved into many more small organization, namely organization of son Agent. This interaction of virtual entity (entity and agent) each other inside these organize are analysis which make the complicated degree of problem be lower. And virtual entity modeling with organization modeling technique of Agent are combined . That Agent organization construction model be established by organization modeling technique provided the context for existence and definition of virtual entity and interaction更多还原