【作者】 许晓华；

【导师】 郑垂勇；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 我国对外贸易在经济改革中，从“一统天下”到逐步放开，使一大批中小型外贸经营型企业应运而生。这些企业为国民经济的发展注入了新生的活力。面对国际经济一体化同时要适应WTO，中小型外贸企业对我国国民经济的作用尤显重要。本论文提出了中小型外贸企业这一新生事物的概念、类别、特征，以及制约因素，探讨了中小型外贸企业和中小型企业的关系。 由于中小外贸企业属于改革开放中的新生代，成长期短，又正处于我国经济转型时期，理论上的准备不足，使其倍感困惑，加之市场秩序尚在建立和健全之中，使其因经营上供给不足出现的“吃不饱”现象、因知识能力不足出现的“吃不消”现象，以及因实力有限而表现出的“吃不下”现象和缺乏抗风险能力而表现的“吃不上”的现象严重制约着其的发展。而我国加入WTO，恰恰正值中小型外贸企业处于迷惘之际，在迷惘中要面临“入世”带来的新机遇和新挑战，更使这类企业难以应对，以致在发展中出现了方向上的迷失。 为使我国中小型外贸企业走出困惑，顺利进入新经济时代，本论文立足于对其可持续发展的模式研究，拟将通过分析中小型外贸企业目前所处环境、经营表现和亟待解决的问题探讨其发展取向，认为中小型外贸企业只有通过企业自身内涵的提升增强其对需求的预见性，保证其新产品开发中能配套以知识跟进时代发展，扩大其在经营中的开放性和提高抗风险能力的稳定性，才能立足市场，争取可持续发展。并且要以企业信誉和员工素质超前于企业发展作为其发展保证。 要取得中小型外贸企业的可持续发展，必须以理性引导中小型外贸企业转换经营思路、经营战略、经营结构和经营方式，从而实现向现代企业的转型，去创建服务贸易型的中小型外贸企业新模式。提出以服务作为企业竞争要素的表现形式和内在本质，通过服务贸易创建中小型企业的新模式和核心竞争力，理念上开展全方位的服务贸易，把“小而全”要旨、产供销要旨、销售服务要旨作为新模式的表现形式，以制度创新完善自我建设，以知识型团队精神创建作为新模式的保证。 本文还对已发展为国家重点扶持的1000家外贸企业之一的浙江横店进出口有限公司进行了发展新模式举证，探讨了企业树立信誉，提高员工素质，融入国际经济大循环和推行战略性经营的做法。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the time of the reformation opens, foreign trade of our country is arriving gradually from the unification worlds, A large quantity of middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprises emerge with the tide of the times. These enterprises infuse the national economy new emergy. At the same time to facing internation economy unitization , they should conform the rules of WTO. This thesis brings the concept, category, characterristic and the condition factors of the newbornthing......middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprise. And it discusses the relation betweenmiddle-minitype enterprise and middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprise.Because the middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprise is the new generation born in the period of the reformation opens, the growth stage is short, they are at the period of economy transformation. Theoretically lack, it makes them times feel confused, together with market regulation yet on sounding. That seriously limits the enterprises’ development, and it brings some phenomenon such as: Not saturation because of the short supply in management; Not comprehension because of the poor knowledge capacity; Not appropriate because of limited real strenght; Not rockfirm because of the low anti-risk ability etc. Wherears our state enroled WTO not long before, the middle-minitype enterprises are just maze to face the new accident and new challenge by joining WTO. That leads this type of enterprises difficult to cope, so as to be making appearance of losing the direction development.For making the middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprises avoid the crisis and to enter the new-economic ages smoothly. This thesis is based on the research of their sustainable development, it plans to discuss thereof development trend through analysing the enviroment where the middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprises live, and their management performance, the problems to be solved eagerly and so on. It is considered that only the middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprises enhance themselves to improve the far-sight ability, to insure knowledge suit and keep up with the new-production development, so as to extend the ability of opening and improve the stability of anti-fisk capable, that they can stand strongly in the market and get sustainable development. And it must be guaranteed that the enterprise’s reputation and the employee’s diathesis should be ahead of the enterprise’s development.To make the sustainable development, the middle-minitype enterprises must be led to convert their management clue, business stratery, managing structure and type of operation, thereby realize the transformation to morden enterprise, finally to create a new model of service-trade type enterprise. This thesis also brings up that service is as both the manifestation and immanence essence of the enterprise’s competition element, and to create a new model and enhance the kernel competitive power of the middle-minitype foreign-trade enterprises. Firstly principle of all directions service is nessecary, the tenor of smallness whereas full, produce supply-marketing tenor and the sale-service tenor were the manifestation of the new model, with system creation to perfect the enterprise’s self-soundness by the way of new model’s guarantee.This thesis also offer a sample as the new model’s proof, that is one of the 1000th foreign-trade cooperations which are emphasely supported by our nation: Zhejiang Hengdian Imp. & Exp. Co.,Ltd.. Especially discussing how to erect enterprise’s repuration and to send up the employee’s diathesis, to melt into the international economic circulation and to promote strategic management.更多还原