【作者】 王立军；

【导师】 王德民；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 油气田开发工程， 2003， 博士

【摘要】 通过对聚合物溶液流变特性及流经多孔介质的渗流特性和流经多孔介质的流变特性的实验研究，系统的分析和对比了聚丙烯酰胺溶液和黄原胶溶液的流变特性及流经多孔介质的流变特性，认为聚丙烯酰胺溶液具有粘弹性流体特征，为粘弹性流体，黄原胶溶液为具有储存模量没有第一法向应力差或低第一法向应力差的粘弹性流体。对影响聚合物溶液流变特性的因素进行了分析，通过分析可知，溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、温度、岩心渗透率及聚合物分子量对聚合物溶液的流变特性和渗流特性均有影响。通过室内模拟驱油实验及对微观模拟驱油实验结果的分析与对比，进一步完善了粘弹性聚合物溶液提高驱油效率的机理，定量给出了聚合物溶液粘弹性与驱油效率提高值的对应关系。 利用流变仪测定了聚合物溶液和黄原胶溶液的流变特性，通过对测试结果的分析与对比可知，溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、温度及聚丙烯酰胺的分子量对聚合物溶液的流变特性均有影响。 对聚丙烯酰胺溶液和黄原胶溶液进行了动态测试实验，从实验结果可以看出，这两种溶液都具有损耗模量及储存模量，同时溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度及聚丙烯酰胺的分子量对溶液的损耗模量和储存模量都有影响。利用Maxwell模型描述了应力松弛实验，并计算了溶液的松弛时间随角频率的变化，从计算结果可以看出，聚丙烯酰胺溶液和黄原胶溶液在相同角频率情况下的松弛时间相差不大。 利用第一法向应力差能够很好地表征聚丙烯酰胺溶液弹性效应的大小，第一法向应力差越大，溶液的弹性越大，并且溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、温度、聚丙烯酰胺分子量对溶液的第一法向应力均有影响。 对聚合物溶液通过多孔介质的渗流特性及流变特性进行了实验分析及研究。通过测定不同注入量情况下，岩心两端的压差，绘制了注入量与压差之间的关系曲线，从渗流特性曲线可以看出，聚丙烯酰胺溶液的渗流曲线为上翘的，而黄原胶溶液的渗流特性曲线表现为下弯的，这两种溶液表现为不同的渗流特征。通过绘制聚合物溶液的流变特性曲线可以看出，聚丙烯酰胺溶液的视粘度随剪切速率的增加而增加，而黄原胶溶液的视粘度随剪切速率的增加而减小，这又更进一步说明这两种溶液流变特性不同。同时还发现，溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、温度、岩心渗透率及聚丙烯酰胺的分子量对聚丙烯酰胺溶液的渗流特性及流经多孔介质的流变特性均有影响，配制水的矿化度对黄原胶溶液的渗流特性及流变特性影响不大。 对比聚丙烯酰胺溶液的流变特性曲线和流经多孔介质的流变特性曲线，得到了聚丙烯酰胺溶液弹性粘度随剪切速率的变化关系，可知，溶液的弹性粘度随剪切速率的增加而增大，并且溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、温度、聚丙烯酰胺的分子量及岩心渗透率对溶液的弹性粘度均有影响。给出了弹性粘度与第一法向应力差之间的关系，第一法向应力差越大，溶液的弹性粘度也越大，进一步证明了第一法向应力差可以表示粘弹性流体弹性效应的大小。 通过实验测得了聚丙烯酰胺溶液与油的界面粘度及弹性模量大小，通过理论分析得到聚丙烯酰胺溶液驱替膜状残余油的拖力等于聚丙烯酰胺溶液与油的界面粘度与驱替速度的乘积，进一步解释了聚丙烯酰胺溶液驱替油膜状残余油及盲端状残余油，提高驱油效率的机理，进一步完善了粘弹性流体驱油提高驱油效率的机理。同时还发现溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度和聚丙烯酰胺的分子量对溶液与油的界面粘度及弹性模量大小有很大的影响。 通过室内岩心模拟驱油实验，对水驱后相同粘度的聚丙烯酰胺溶液与黄原胶溶液驱采收率提高值进行比较，发现聚丙烯酰胺溶液的采收率提高值要高于黄原胶溶液驱的采收率提高值，认为这个差值 摘要为聚丙烯酞胺溶液的弹性效应对提高驱油效率所起的作用。给出了第一法向应力差与驱油效率提高值及弹性粘度与驱油效率提高值之间的关系，第一法向应力差越大，驱油效率提高值也越大。同时对溶液浓度、配制水的矿化度、聚丙烯酞胺的分子量、注入速度和岩心渗透率对溶液的驱替效率的影响也进行了实验及分析，这些因素均对溶液的驱替效率有影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rheological properties and rheological properties that flow through porous media of polyarylamide(HPAM) solution and xanthan gum solution were analyzed and contrasted by the numbers through experimental studies on rheological properties of polymer solution and percolation flow properties that flow through porous media and rheological properties that flow through porous media. HPAM solution was considered to have properties of viscoelastic fluid, it is viscoelastic fluid, xanthan gum solution is viscoelastic fluid that have storage modulus and have not primary normal stress difference or low primary normal stress difference. Factors that affect rheological properties of polymer solution were analysed, through the analyses we can know that solution concentration, salinity of confected water, temperature, core permeability and molecular weight of polymer all affect rheological properties and percolation flow properties of polymer solution.Through analyses and contrasts of lab simulated displacement experiment and microcosmic simulated displacement experimental results, mechanism that viscoelastic polymer solution how to enhance oil recovery ulteriorly were perfected, corresponding relationships between polymer solution viscoelasticity and enhanced magnitude of displacement efficiency were got quantificationally.Rheological properties of polymer solution and xanthan gum solution were measured using rheometer, through analyses and contrasts on the testing results, we can know that solution concentration, salinity of confected water, temperature and molecular weight of HPAM all affect rheological properties of polymer solution.Dynamic testing experiments on HPAM solution and xanthan gum solution were carried out, through the experimental results we can know that two kinds of solutions both have loss modulus and storage modulus. At the same time, solution concentration , salinity of confected water, molecular weight of HPAM all affect loss modulus and storage modulus of solution. Stress relaxation experiments were described using Maxwell model and changes that relaxation time changed with angular frequency were calculated, through the calculated results we can know that difference of relaxation time between HPAM solution and xanthan gum solution is small at the condition that angular frequency is same.Elastic effect of HPAM solution can be tokened commendably using primary nomal stress difference. Bigger primary normal stress difference, bigger the elastic of solution, and solution concentration, salinity of confected water, temperature, molecular weight of HPAM all affect primary normal stress of solution.Experimental analyses and studies on percolation flow properties and rheological properties that polymer solution flow through porous meida were carried out. Relationship curves between injection rate and pressure drawdown were drawed through measuring pressure difference at both ends of core at different injection rate. Through percolation flow property curves we can know that percolation flow curves of HPAM solution are upswept but percolation flow curves of xanthan gum solution are downbent, two kinds of solutions behaved different percolation flow properties. Through rheological property curves of polymer solution that have been drawed we can know that apparent viscosity of HPAM solution increase with the increase of shear rate, but apparent viscosity of xanthan gum solution minish with the increase of shear rate, this explained that rheological properties are different between two kinds of solutions ulteriorly. At the same time we found out that solution concentration, salinity of confected water, temperature, core permeability and molecular weight of HPAM all affect rheological properties of polymer solution and percolation flow properties that flowthrough porous media, salinity of confected water affect percolation flow properties and rheological properties of xanthan gum solution a little.Rheological property curves and rheological property curves that flow through porous media of HPAM更多还原