有源电力滤波控制技术的研究及应用

【作者】 周洪亮；

【导师】 杜维；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 有源电力滤波器被公认为是综合治理“电网污染”最有效的手段，本文试图对实现技术和控制策略的研究，为有源电力滤波技术提供新的控制技术和实现方法。 本文首先对有源电力滤波技术产生的背景、发展现状以及发展趋势作了详细的阐述，分析了有源滤波器的优点及其丰富的功能，除补偿谐波电流外，还可补偿基波无功、平衡三相电压、抑制电压闪变等。有源滤波技术还处在不断的发展之中，其电路结构和控制技术还需要不断的完善和发展。 在分析各种谐波检测技术的基础上，针对有源电力滤波器中广泛采用的基于瞬时无功功率理论的检测技术存在的一系列局限性，将功率因数的概念引入有源电力滤波器的控制中，全面论述了基于单位功率因数的谐波和无功电流检测技术，以及在并联型有源滤波器中的应用。该检测和控制技术适用于各种电路结构，电源或负载不平衡时也同样适用。对基于单位功率因数的检测方法的动态特性进行了研究，提出了缩短检测延时的具体方法。 本文还将单位功率因数的概念引入串联型有源电力滤波器的控制中，提出了串联型有源电力滤波器的控制技术。另外对谐波源的性质进行了分析，指出不同性质的谐波源应采用不同的有源滤波器拓扑。 针对并联混合型滤波器传统的基于谐波电流的控制方法中，K值较大时系统不稳定的情况，提出了谐波电压的控制方法，该方法避免了K的取值问题。对并联混合型滤波器中有源滤波器的基波进行控制，有效地降低了有源滤波器的容量，取得了良好的控制效果。 将并联型有源电力滤波器应用于鱿鱼钓船，抑制鱿鱼钓机这一典型的谐波源工作时对电源造成的谐波污染，并提供了有源电力滤波器的设计方案。 在一套DSP数字控制的并联型有源电力滤波实验装置上作了大量的实验，对基于单位功率因数的谐波电流检测方法和以此为基础的并联型有源电力滤波器进行了实验验证，取得了满意的试验结果，进一步验证了基于单位功率因数的谐波检测和控制技术的有效性和理论分析的正确性。 浙江大学博士学位论文 关键词：有源电力滤波;单位功率因数;检测和控制更多还原

【Abstract】 Active power filter is considered as the most effective method to harness the serious "power pollution". This paper’s purpose is to provide a new control scheme and realization method based on the studying of the current control method and realization.Firstly the background, development and future prospect of active power filter is described in detail. And it comes to the conclusion that active power filter has many merits and functions including harmonic compensation, reactive power compensation, voltage regulation and flicker suppression. However, active power filter hasn’t been perfect. More efforts still have to be done in circuit topology and control technique.Based on the analysis of various harmonic detection methods and the drawback of instantaneous reactive power theory, the concept of power factor is introduced into the control system of active power filter. The harmonic and reactive current detection technique based on unity power factor and its application in shunt active power filter is described in detail. This method has better applicability. The transient characteristic of the detection method is analyzed and the detailed method of shortening the detection delay is provided.The concept of unity power factor can also be applied to the control of series active power filter. And the control method is provided. The characteristic of harmonic source is analyzed and corresponding active power filter topology should be adopted.In order to avoid the system instability resulted by the big proportional coefficient in the control of hybrid-shunt active power filter, a new control method is provided. It uses the detection of harmonic voltage and avoids the matter of proportional coefficient. The power rating of the active power filter is greatly reduced by controlling the base voltage on the active power filter.A shunt active power filter is applied in the fisher boat in order to suppress the harmonic produced by the sleeve-fish troll machine. The design scheme of the shuntactive power filter is provided.Many experiments are done on the experimental equipment of shunt active power filter based on DSP. The harmonic and reactive current detection technique based on unity power factor and the shunt active power filter based on it are tested. And satisfactory result is drawn. The results verify the effectiveness of harmonic detection and control method based on unity power factor and validity of theoretical analysis.更多还原