我国经济信息资源短缺问题及其对策研究

【作者】 常宁；

【导师】 钱伯海；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 统计学， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 扑面而来的信息化浪潮，将人类社会带入了一个崭新的历史阶段。日新月异的信息技术，导致了传统生产方式、生活方式乃至思维模式的翻天覆地变化；跨越时空界限的信息流动，让世界经济的发展变得息息相关；信息产业与传统产业的融合，为各国经济的可持续发展提供了新的动力。在信息技术的支持下，信息资源成为新世纪的主导性资源，也成为新财富的象征。 应对新的竞争，各国政府都实施了自己的信息高速公路计划，期望通过便利的信息通道，来最大限度地发挥信息资源的战略性作用。我国的信息化建设经过近十年的努力，也已初具规模，信息产业对国民经济发展的贡献率呈现逐年增长的趋势。但其间，信息资源的开发利用却相对薄弱，信息服务行业远远落后于发达国家，经济活动中信息资源供需失衡状况较为严重，成为我国信息化进程的瓶颈。虽然这已经是个众所周知的问题，但信息本身的复杂性和人们对其认识的局限性使得相关研究较为困难，所以目前国内已有的文献，多为初浅的、局部的和零散的讨论。笔者正是基于这样一种现实，萌发了对信息资源问题进行系统研究的动机，希望自己的尝试能够起到抛砖引玉的作用。 全文采用规范性研究的方法，按照“提出问题——分析问题——解决问题”的逻辑框架展开论述，共分为五章，各章的主要内容如下： 第一章为总论。本章首先描述了进行信息资源研究的社会环境，既包括信息化、经济全球化的国际大环境，又包括国企改革、资本市场完善以及电子商务发展的国内环境，从实践的角度烘托出本文研究的现实意义；接着，概述了信息经济学和博弈论两个学科的主要内容，从不同基点突现了信息资源对现代经济的重要作用，为本文的研究提供了理论支持；然后，为了行文的方便，介绍了与信息资源研究相关的基本范畴，包括信息经济、信息资源和经济信息；最后，对本文的研究对象进行了确定，说明文中所讨论的经济信息仅仅是指由经济核算所提供的那部分信息(即国民经济核算信息和会计信息)，同时还阐明 我国经济信息资源短缺问题及其对策研究了本文的研究目的：寻找解决经济信息资源短缺问题的对策方案以及引起全社会对信息资源的充分重视。 第一章提出了我国信息资源的相对短缺问题。本章首先从国民经济信息化建设的现状出发，在概述己获得成就的【司时，指出我国信息化过程中存在着垒视技术和基础设施而轻视信息资源的“垦硬轻软”现象；接着，具体到本文的研究对象，经济核算所产生的宏观信息和微观信息层面，针对信息资源现存的共性问题———信息供给相对于需求的短缺，归纳为信息失真、信息相关性欠缺和信息及时性不足三个方面，依次展开资料翔实的具体论述。 第三章对信息资源短缺问题进行系统的成囚分析。本章首先剖析了经济核算体系，指出当前体系中存在核算指标不合时宜、核算工作水平参差不齐和3亥算人员索质不足的若干缺陷；按着，又从社会思想意识角度出发，分析了我冈现阶段社会信息意识不足和诚信意识缺大的问题，找到了导致信息资源短缺的思想根源；然后，研究了经济信息供给的激励机制，得出经济信息的非商品化造成了檄励杉Wu不足的结论，具体表现为信。B供给的“不经济”和信启、供斋脱节两方面的问题；最后，探讨了经济信息供给的约束机制，指出经济核算体制中存在立法不健全、制度不完善以及组织结构个合理等若干弊端，由此而导致了对信息供给的约束不足。 第四章是对经济信息短缺问题的现实对策研究。笔者认为专业人力资源足保障经济信，层、资源供给的原动力，所以首光列出了信息时代专业核算人员应七具备的基本素质特征，然后以此为标松二 探讨厂由政府、学校和职业组织共问配合，来培养专业人力资源的方案；按着。义中指出要提高信息的相关性、、富信息资源的内容，就必须改革传统的核算理念及模式，进而提出了“面向对象”式服务的新理念和信息供给主体分业经营的新模式的思路与方案；然后，从信息资源与信息技术相融合的角度，设计了提高信息资源及时性的经济信息电于化的实施步骤；即由信息网上披露、到全国数据中心的建立、冉到网上经济信息的实时搜集、分析和传递；最后，阐述了建立信息质量考评制度来保证信息资源质量的现实意义，并在借鉴国外光进经验的基础上，勾画出了我国经 －11－ 论 文 摘 要 济信息质量考评制度实施的基本蓝图。 第五章是对经济信息资源短缺对策的前瞻性思考。笔者认为未来对信息资 源的研究将集中于两个方面：经济核算理论的拓展创新和经济信息管理与分析 方法的革新。所以本章首先探讨了经济核算重心的转移趋势，认为由此而导致 的人力资源、环境和国际经济往来的核算问题将是三个值得关注的领域；然后， 对数据仓库技术的内容和优势进行了简单的介绍，并在此基础上对其在更多还原

【Abstract】 Information technology has greatly changed the ways of working, living and thinking. Combination of information technology and traditional industries brings a new force for the sustainable development of economy. With the assistance of technology, information becomes the dominant resource of the new century and the new symbol of wealth.In response to the new competitions, governments all over the world began their own information-highway plan in order to make the best use of information resource. Thanks to information strategy began about ten years ago, some achievements have been gained, which have contributed to our economy growth. However, the exploitation and use of information grows slowly, and our information service level is far behind the developed countries, supply and demand of economic information is unbalanced, information resource has been a bolt in our information process. Although this is a well-known problem, little has been done about it because of its complexity, now there is few related research in our country. Based on the above phenomena, the author conceives an idea to give the information a systemic study, and hope to get more valuable answers to the mentioned problem.This dissertation adopts normative method and researches with a logic frame of problem solving approach. This paper proceeds in five parts:Chapter 1, Introduction. This chapter begins with the description of the social background for information study, including the international environment of information process, globalization and the national environment of reform of state-owned factories, capital market improvement and E-commercedevelopment, using these to make clear the practical significance of the research. Then it introduces the main contents of Information economics and Game theory as the theory basis of the article. After that, in order to facilitate the writing, the chapter explains several basic concepts related with information, such as information economy, information resource and economic information. Last, the chapter makes the definition of its research objective, that only refers to the information come from professional economic account, and clarifies the aim of this article is to find feasible answers to the shortage problem and hope to bring enough attention to the information resource.Chapter 2, The problem of information shortage. This chapter starts with the present state of our economy information process, while outlining the achievements, it points out there is a phenomenon of thinking highly of hard ware but underestimate soft ware in the procession. Second, it discusses the common problem for economic information ---shortage, and divides it into three parts: information inconsistent with the facts, information irrelevant and information delay.Chapter 3, The causes of information shortage. First, this chapter inquires into the economic account system, pointing out that there are drawbacks in present indicator system, account level and professional human resource. Then, from the view of social thought the conclusion that we are short of information thought and reputation sense is drawn. After that, this chapter researches the motivation mechanism finding that free use of information resulting in not enough encouragement for information supply and specifically displaying as ’uneconomical’ and ’supply divorce from demand’. Last, it analyzes the binding mechanism, thinking it not enough either, because the laws and institutions of professional economic account are neither perfect nor reasonable.- V -Chapter 4, Effective measures to the shortage problem. The professional human resource is the original force for information supply, so the feature of professionals in the information era is discussed first and a study on how to train the human resource by the coordination of government, schools and Professional Union is followed. Secondly, this chapter gives a new thought of’client-oriented’ and a new model of ’working separately’ for information service after discussion of the neces更多还原