【作者】 宋福强；

【导师】 胡隐月； 孟繁荣；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 森林保护学， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 通过对野外大青杨VA菌根真菌资源的调查，发现大青杨是VA菌根营养型树种之一，在不同林龄的根际湿筛到3属7种VA菌根真菌的孢子，分别是球囊霉属的摩西球囊霉（Glomus mossea）、根内球囊霉（G.intraradicex）、地球囊霉（G.geosporum）、苏格兰球囊霉（G.caledonium）、地表球囊霉（G.versforme）；无梗囊霉属的蜜色无梗囊霉（Acaulospora mellea）；盾巨孢囊霉属的双紫盾巨孢囊霉（Scutellospora dipurpurascens）。 利用Glomus mossea、G.intraradicex、G.versifome、G.mossea 93、G.sinuosa 5种VA菌根真菌对大青杨实生苗成功地进行了人工接种，发现不同菌种对苗木的侵染率与苗木生长效应呈正相关，同时对G.intraradicex、G.mossea两个菌种对苗木侵染过程进行了观察。 大青杨苗木与VA菌根真菌建立共生关系后：使苗木叶片光合作用增强、叶绿素含量增加、过氧化氢酶活性和硝酸还原酶活性增强；促进根系发达，不但增加了根表吸收面积，而且使根系活跃吸收面积比增大；使根系中多酚氧化酶活性增强。在VA菌根真菌对苗木侵染的不同时期，宿主根、茎（叶）内可溶性糖、营养元素（N、P、K）、内源激素（IAA、GA₃、ZR、ABA）以及根中过氧化物酶等也表现出一个动态变化过程，有机地调节了物质分配和能量利用，这对促进苗木健康快速生长起着重要的作用。 VA菌根增加了根际微生物的种类和数量，使微生态结构更加稳定，增强了土壤中磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶的活性，并使根际土壤中的营养物质出现“富集”现象。 大青杨VA菌根对难溶性磷、硝态氮有很好的利用效果，不同菌种在不同肥态、肥力水平下对苗木的促生效果差异显著，且菌根侵染率也受肥力水平的制约。 大青杨与紫穗槐混交并接种丛枝菌根真菌后，可使大青杨根际营养“富集”。更多还原

【Abstract】 By the field investigation for the VA mycorrhizal resources of Populus ussuriensis, the results show that P. ussuriensis is one of VA mycorrhizal tree species, and the spores of VA mycorrhizas are screened from the soil of rhizosphere in different forest age. There are 3 genera and 7 species, Glomus mossea, G. intraradicex, G. geosporum, Acaulospora melles, Scutellospora dipurpurascens, respectively.We succeed in artificial inoculation for seedling of P. ussuriensis by use of 5 VA mycorrhizal fungi including Glomus mossea, G. intraradicex, G. versiforme, G. mossea93, G. sinuosa. And we found that the infection ratio of different fungi for seedlings have a positive correlation with growth effect. And then the process of infection of G. intraradicex and G. mossea for seedlings are observed.The establishment of symbiosis relation for P. ussuriensis seedlings and VA mycorrhizal intensifies leaf photosynthesis, increases chlorophyll content, enhances the activities of calalase and nitratase, promotes the development of roots system, which not only increases the absorbing area of roots, but also enlarges the rate of actively absorbing area of root system, intensifies the polyphenol oxidase activity. During the period of the seedlings infected by VA mycorrhizal fungi, the soluble sugar, nutritive elements (N, P, K), endogenous hormones (IAA, GA3, ZR, ABA) of host roots, shoots (leaf), and peroxidase of roots shows a dynamic change, and material distribution and energy utilization in tree seedlings are regulated effectively, which play a very important role in process promoting accelerating healthy and rapid growth of seedlings.VA mycorrhizas increases the richness of species and quantity of rhizosphere microbe, makes micro-ecological structure more stable, intensifies the activities of phosphatase, urease, and proteinase of soil, and makes nutrient elements in rhizosphere rich during the period of the tree seedlings infected by VA mycorrhizas fungi.VA mycorrhizas of P. ussuriensis have a good absorption for insoluble phosphor and nitrate nitrogen, the growth promotion of the seedlings for different fungi under different forms and gradient of fertility have a significant difference, and the infection rate of mycorrhizas are controlled by fertility level.P. ussuriensis seedlings mixed with Amorpha fruticosa are inoculated by VA mycorrhizal fungi could make P. ussuriensis rhizosphere nutrient enrichment.更多还原