【作者】 孟宪学；

【导师】 梅方权；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业经济及管理， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 在中国农业研究信息系统建设中，如何加快建设一个适应现代农业科学研究需要的多样化、标准化和规模化的现代数据库系统，是一个迫切需要研究和解决的核心问题。这是本项研究提出的背景。本项研究是国家948项目“中国农业研究信息系统建设”项目的一个研究专题。 本项研究目的是通过系统分析我国农业科技数据库建设和管理的发展问题，提出系统的技术选择、系列设计、系统建设模式与利用模式及发展对策。为我国农业科技信息数据库的有序化建设和科学管理提供依据。 在研究方法上，本文以信息管理科学与系统科学的相关理论为指导，在广泛收集资料和重点实例调查的基础上，运用系统分析、信息分析、管理分析的相应方法，通过历史的比较分析和国内外的比较分析，通过案例分析，明确了我国农业科技信息数据库建设的模式选择和管理策略。 关于数据库建设、数据库技术等方面，国内外有不少研究，但是在农业领域，通过检索来看，本项研究是第一次从农业行业的整体上对农业科技信息数据库系统的建设与管理进行的全面系统的分析与研究，进行了以下4个方面新的探索： 1．在分析了信息资源和信息系统管理方法发展的基础上，系统地分析了数据库的理论与数据库技术发展的三个阶段。进而对数据库进行了科学的分类，并描述了各类型数据库的特征。 2．比较分析了世界主要国家(地区)的数据库产业发展和国内外主要数据库建设的6条宝贵的经验，找出了中国数据库建设的6个方面的差距。 对中国农业科技数据库发展进行了历史的系统的分析，找出了我国农业科技数据库建设面临的主要问题及其所处的环境。 3．对中国农业科技数据库进行了系统的分析和设计，为中国农业科技数据库建设提出了6项重大技术领域的选择；提出了中国农业科技数据库3个层次的布局和系列设计。 4．提出了中国农业科技数据库建设可能选择的4种模式以及数据库利用模式的选择。提出了12条相应的管理政策与措施的建议。 文中把我们目前正在承担的国家重点项目——《中国农业科技基础信息系统建设与共享服务》作为分析的案例。这个系统的建设属于一种典型的公益类合作建设模式，为中国农业科技数据库及其系统的长远建设积累重要经验。 这项研究为中国农业科技数据库及其系统的建设提供了科学分析的基础，对于国家规划和管理中国农业科技数据库及其系统具有重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the construction of China’s agricultural research information system (/JUS), the key issue needing urgent solution is how to build a content-rich and standardized modern database system. This is the background of the present study, which in turn is a special research task of the project entitled "Building China’s Agricultural Research Information System", supported by the National 948 Program.The purposes of this study are to work out technical options, database series design, construction model, utilization model and development strategy for the database system, based on the systematical analysis of the issues regarding the construction and management of agricultural science and technology information (STI) databases in China, thereby providing the foundation for the orderly construction and sound management of agricultural STI databases in China.This paper employed relevant theories from information management science and systematic science as the guidance and adopted appropriate methods such as systematic analysis, information analysis and management analysis in conducting the research. Based on extensive collection of data and information and selected case survey, and through historical and international comparisons, the model selection and management strategy were defined for the construction of agricultural STI database.Although there have been a lot documents dealing with database construction and database technology, this paper is the first to study the construction and management of agricultural STI database taking agriculture sector as a whole. This paper conducted new exploration in the 4 following aspects:1. Based on the analysis of the development of information resource and information system management methods, the paper systematically examined the three development stages for database theory and technology, and then provided reasonable database classification system and described the characteristics of each type of databases.2. Six valuable experiences were drawn from a comparison of database industry development and database construction for selected countries (regions) and gaps in 6 aspects were identified for database construction in China. The history of agricultural STI database development in China was systematically reviewed and the major problems confronting agricultural STI database construction were identified.3. Systematic analysis and design were conducted for China’s agricultural STIdatabase system, options for 6 major technical areas were proposed for the construction of agricultural STI database in China. Deployment at 3 levels and series design were put forward for the agricultural STI database.4. The 4 potential database construction models as well as the utilization model for the agricultural STI databases were given. 12 policy recommendations were provided.The paper used the national key project, Construction of Basic Agricultural STI System and Sharing Service in China, undertaken by SDIC/CAAS as case study. The construction of the System is a typical non-profit cooperation model, which will accumulate important experiences for the further development of agricultural STI database in China.This study provided scientific basis for the development of agricultural STI database and its system in China, and will play important reference role for the government in planning and managing agricultural STI database system.更多还原