【作者】 王秀丽；

【导师】 邱树森；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 中国古代史， 2002， 博士

【摘要】 东南地区的商业经济经过两宋时期的飞跃性发展，入元以后，继续保持了原有的发展势头，在许多方面都取得了历史性的突破与进步。本文从商业交通、主要商品的流通状况、各级市场、从商人群与商业资本等四个方面对元代东南地区的商业进行考察，旨在揭示13-14世纪东南地区商业经济发展的总体趋势与主要特征。 在蒙元政府“重农而不抑商”的政策下，元代东南地区的商业经济呈现出了空前的繁荣。商业交通空前发展，商品流通迅速而频繁，各级市场进一步发育，商业资本的活跃深刻地影响着中国社会经济生活的方方面面。中国社会固有的商品经济经历了新的发展阶段，经济格局与结构得到了进一步的调整。 就宏观经济发展而言，元朝的大统一与重商政策的推行，使东南地区迎来了商业经济发展的一个黄金时期。市场经济的发展进一步推进了原已存在的经济生产的社会分工，包括地域分工与城乡分工。适应社会分工的发展，各级市场进一步发育。元代市场发育的一个明显特征就是联系广大农村经济腹地与市场经济的重要环节农村市镇与乡间初级小商品市场的显著发展和乡村经济的日渐流动化。以此为途径，广大乡村日益广泛地被纳入商品经济的链条之中，这是中国封建晚期经济社会深刻变革的一个重要方面。 就微观经济结构的调整与变革而言，东南地区商业的发展与商业资本的活跃进一步促进了生产与消费的分离以及生产组织内部的分工与协作。市场经济正在日益瓦解着一家一户的农副业生产牢固结合的传统家庭经济。 从历史文献记载的真实出发，我们发现：元代东南地区商业资本的活跃确实拉动了区域经济的发展与经济结构的调整，尽管与明中叶以后的深刻社会变革相比，这种拉动的力度要有限得多。更多还原

【Abstract】 The commercial economy in southeast China improved and made a historical breakthrough in the Yuan period, sustaining the original rapid developing tendency of Song. Through expounding the commerce in southeast China during Yuan from four different angles: commercial transportation, merchandise circulation, markets of different grades, merchants and commercial capital, the thesis aims to reveal the overall developing tendency and the major features of commercial economy in southeast China in the 13-14th century.Under the policy of "assisting agriculture without restraining commerce" by the Mongol central government, the commercial economy in southeast China took on a prosperous sight. The commercial transportation improved markedly, the speed and frequency of commodity circulation reached an unprecedented level, the development of various outlets for goods stepped on a further stage, the dynamic commercial capital deeply influenced every aspect of Chinese economic society. The commodity economy inherent in Chinese society stepped on a new developing stage, the economic pattern and structure changed slowly but tangibly.In the field of macro-economy, owing to the territorial unification of Yuan and the mercantilism pursued by the central government, the commercial economy in southeast China came to a climax. The developing of market economy accelerated the further division of labor in society, including the division between different economic regions and the division between urban and countryside. In turn, the social division speeded up the improving of different levels of markets, with the rapid growth of rural market towns and primary exchange places, which played the link-point between the wide countryside and market economy, and the gradual mobilization of rural village its main characteristic. In this way, the wide countryside was gradually brought into the orbit of commodity economy, which is one of the most important elements bringing about the profound transformation of social economy in late imperial China.In the field of micro-economy, the dynamic commercial capital gave further impetus to the separation between production and consumption and the labor division and cooperation within units of manufacture. Market economy was gradually disintegrating the traditional family economy within which the production of agriculture and byproducts was interrelated solidly.In one sentence, from the reality of historical records, we find that the dynamic commercial economy in southeast China during Yuan definitely promoted the developing of regional economy and accelerated the transformation of economic structure, though, compared with that of mid-Ming, this kind of promotion and acceleration is much limited.更多还原