【作者】 张天宏；

【导师】 吴国钏； 左洪福；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 航空宇空推进理论与工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 航空发动机因其结构复杂及高温高速的恶劣工作环境，时刻都可能发生故障。作为飞机的心脏，民航发动机的健康状况将直接影响飞行的安全和正点。本文提出的民航发动机远程故障诊断技术将Internet网络技术与民航发动机故障诊断技术有效地结合起来，旨在将民航发动机的维护和故障诊断手段提升到远程的网络环境，以极大提高故障诊断的水平和时效性。 基于Internet的远程故障诊断技术是一个多学科交叉渗透的新兴技术领域。本文从工程应用角度出发，以民航发动机为对象，开展了以下几个方面的研究工作： 1．分析了民航发动机故障诊断的技术现状，提出民航发动机实现远程故障诊断的技术路线，探讨了现有诊断设备和诊断手段实现网络化的技术思路，并且指出了需要解决的关键技术问题。 2．重点研究了铁谱分析系统网络化的实现问题。分析现有铁谱分析系统的功能和结构特点，提出网络化的改进设计思想，采用上下位微机结构和组件技术，实现在Internet上远程操纵、状态监控及图谱信息的远程传输。 3．研究了一种灵巧型远程数据采集终端，为远程故障诊断提供信息资源。分析了现有数据采集终端的特点，提出一种便携、多功能且可以直接与Internet连接的数据采集终端的设计思想，并基于Webchip技术和高性能单片机技术加以工程实现。 4．为了实现对远端诊断设备的操纵，研究了基于Internet的远程控制问题。分析了在Internet网络环境下控制系统中的时延特性，以一个两关节机械手为对象，采用神经网络进行对象特性的预测，通过广义预测控制和信息缓冲技术实现远程控制。 5．研究了在Internet上进行远程故障诊断的协同工作环境(CSCW)。分别采用NI的Labview／G Web Server技术和DataSocket技术实现诊断对象的远程状态监控；分别基于ASP技术和Data Socket技术开发了两个多功能的CSCW远程协同故障诊断平台。 6．在故障诊断的方法方面，以CFM56-5B发动机的FADEC系统为对象，开展了基于Internet的故障诊断专家系统(ES)的研究。该ES采用网络数据库存储知识，在网络环境下可以方便地实现知识库的维护，将知识推理过程采用组件技术集成到Web服务器上，可以支持多个用户同时进行故障诊断活动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aeroengine may fail at any time because of its vile working environment. As the heart of a plane, the health of civil aeroengine will affect the safety and schedules of flights directly. To meet the tide of network and information, the network technology based on Internet and fault diagnosis technology of civil aeroengine are combined in this paper, which can promote the maintenance and fault diagnosis methods to network environment, and it will largely improve the capability and efficiency of civil aeronautical maintenance system. The remote fault diagnosis based on Internet is a new technology field in which several developing branches are crisscrossing and permeating. From the point of engineering application, following research work based on civil aeroengine have been studied in this article.1. The technology status of fault diagnosis technology of civil aeroengine is analyzed firstly, technical route of realizing remote diagnosis of civil aeroengine is presented, technical thought of existing diagnosis devices and methods to realize network are discussed, and key technical problems to be solved are pointed out.2. How to make ferrous spectrum analysis system networked is emphasized in this paper. Functions and structural features of existing systems are analyzed, and then the thought of improving system networked is presented, which adopt techniques of up-down computer structure and Component Object Module (COM) to realize remote operation, status monitoring and controlling and remote transmission of pictures.3. A kind of smart remote data acquisition terminal, which is used to provide symptom information for remote fault diagnosis field, is studied in detail. On the basis of analysis of features of existing data acquisition terminal, a thought of designing a new data acquisition terminal which is portable, multifunction and can be directly connected to Internet is presented and realized hi engineering based on techniques of WebChip and high performance single chip computer.4. In order to realize manipulating remote diagnosis tools, the problem of Internet based remote control is studied. The delay characteristic on network is analyzed. A two-degree robot is used as the control object. The technology of neural networks for identifying the plant, general predictive control and data buffering logic are used to realize remote controlling.5. Computer Supported Cooperate Work (CSCW) which is adopted for remote fault diagnosis on Internet is studied hi this paper. Remote status monitoring of the diagnosed device is realized based on Lab View and G Web Server of National Instrument (NT). Two versatile CSCW environments for remote fault diagnosis are developed.6. As for the method of fault diagnosis, based on the FADEC system of CFM56-5B engine, fault diagnosis expert system (ES) based on Internet is studied. Network database is adopted to store knowledge base of ES and can be maintained on network conveniently. With COM techniques, knowledge inference is realized in web server, and can support several users to diagnose fault at the same time.更多还原