【作者】 何强；

【导师】 龙腾锐；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 市政工程， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 人们对水污染问题认识的不断提高和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展，使水污染控制规划与GIS技术相结合成为可能。本研究将GIS技术引入水污染控制规划，成功地开发了基于GIS技术的水污染控制规划方法，不但拓宽了GIS的应用领域，也较大地提高了水污染控制规划水平。 本研究在水污染控制规划的各个过程，包括污染源、污染负荷、水质评价、水质模拟、环境容量、数据管理、规划方案等引入了GIS技术，利用GIS强大的空间管理功能，对污染源实现了动态管理，建立了污染源空间位置与污染源属性之间的联接，同时设计了污染负荷自动生成程序；应用隶属度加权综合平均水质级别法进行水域水质评价，并通过不同颜色显示不同的水质状况，在进行水质预测时，用红色进行水质报警；设计了开放式的水质模型库，编制了环境容量计算程序以及其它相关计算程序；研究中采用规划方案模拟法和年费用法进行了水污染控制规划方案的技术经济比较，所有方案均可直观方便地通过数字地图进行显示，为决策者提供决策支持。 本研究采用面向对象的矢量数据库模型对地理实体进行抽象，利用Geomedia Professional3.0软件作为基础GIS平台，进行数据结构设计、数据组织设计以及建立空间数据库；采用关系数据库理论进行属性数据库的设计，较好地实现了数据的适时、动态和高效管理。论文最后以重庆南川市凤嘴江为实例，开发了基于GIS技术的凤嘴江水污染控制规划软件。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water pollution is a global problem that has got more and more attentions, and technologies to control water pollution have being developed quickly. Geographic information system(GIS) is a powerful tool in the information times, which has been used in many fields successfully. In this paper, combination between water pollution control planning and GIS is studied. And a GIS-based method of water pollution control planning is developed successfully. The research has expanded the application fields of GIS, and improved the standard of water pollution control planning.GIS technology was applied in every sub-process of water pollution control planning, such as pollution source, pollution load statistic, water quality evaluation, water quality simulation, environment capacity calculation, data management, and planning options selection etc. The spatial database and attribute database are established on the base of GIS and relational database management system respectively , and the connection between spatial database and attribute database is established to make the users manage the pollution sources dynamically. The method of subjection level weighted average is adopted to evaluate water quality of the river. The results of evaluation are illustrated with different colors in the digital map based on the display abilities of GIS. When forecasting water quality, the areas that do not measure up to the planning water quality could be displayed in red color to give alarm to the decision-makers. An open water quality models base is developed and the useful models, such as environmental capacity models, pollution loading rate models, have been programmed so that calculation could be completed automatically. At last, the methods of option simulation and annual cost function are used to compare the planning options in technology and economy. The water quality level of planning options can be illustrated in the digital map visually, to support the decision-makers to make decisions.II￡2ABSTRACTIn this research, object-oriented database model is adopted to describe the spatial entities. GeoMedia Professional 3.0 is selected as the basic working system to design spatial data’s structure and its organization~ and to help to establish spatial database. The relational database management system is used to establish attribute database. The combination between spatial database and attribute database makes the users manage both spatial and attribute data timely, dynamically, and effectively. To test the program , the Fengzui River in Nanchuan City , Chongqing Municipality, is selected as the example and the GIS-based software of Fengzui River water pollution control planning is developed.更多还原