【作者】 杨俊品；

【导师】 荣廷昭； 戴景瑞；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 以48-2×5003的166个F₂单株作为作图群体，构建了玉米RFLP、SSR分子遗传图谱；利用相应166个F_2:3家系，采用13×13 α-简单格子方设计，在成都、雅安分别调查了株高、穗位高、穗长、秃尖长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粗、轴粗、粒深、三百粒重、出籽率、小区产量等12个性状，利用区间作图法对12个性状进行了QTL定位，主要结果如下： 1、利用135个RFLP探针对亲本48-2、5003之间的多态性进行了检测，筛选出115个多态性探针用于F₂群体分析，剔除其中表现偏分离的6个标记，构建了具109个标116个标记位点的玉米RFLP遗传框架图谱，覆盖基因组2210.0cM，标记间平均间距19.1cM； 2、利用131对SSR引物对亲本48-2、5003之间的多态性进行了检测，筛选出81对多态性引物用于F₂群体分析，构建了具81个标记83个标记位点的玉米SSR遗传框架图谱，覆盖基因组1997.0cM，标记间平均间距24.1cM； 3、利用上述109个RFLP标记和81个SSR标记，构建了具190个RFLP、SSR标记199个标记位点的玉米分子标记遗传图谱，覆盖基因组2984.1cM，标记间平均间距15.1cM； 4、利用上述玉米RFLP、SSR遗传图谱，采用区间作图法对小区产量等12个经济性状进行QTL定位分析，共检测出59个QTLs，每个性状检测出3-8个QTLs，单个QTL的作用可解释表型变异的8.4—42.2％，每一性状的QTLs可解释表型变异的19.5—70.9％。 5、小区产量、株高、穗位高、出籽率、秃尖长、穗粗、粒深七个性状分别检测到的QTLs数目为4、5、5、5、8、5、6，七性状均检测到主效QTLS，其遗传变异分别主要受这些QTLS控制；穗长、轴粗、三百粒重分别检测到的 QTLS数目为 4、5、5，除穗长外均未检测到主效 QTLs，其遗传变异不完全受检出QTLs控制；穗行数、行粒数分别检测fo 4个、3个QTLS，未检测fi主效QTLS，其遗传变异受检出QTLS影响较小。气 6、12个性状检测到的59个叮LS分布于10个连锁群的33个标i6区域，其中第1丫3连锁群较多，分别占2 4．2巩15．2％；3 3个标j己区域中 19个区域作用单一性状，6个区域分别作用两个性状，4个标i己区域（bnlg1083、bnlg1035、bnls．45a、csu16）分别作用于三个性状，3个标j己区域分别＊、Phi053、Phi02n分别作用于一个性状，nc 012区域同时作用于 5个性状。 洲究通过玉米分子遗传图谱的构建和主要经济性状叮 分析，为进一步进行玉米基困组研究、基困精细定位、基因克隆和分子标记辅助育种提供了理论和技术依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using 166 F2 individuals derived from the single cross of inbreds 48-2 and 5003,the RFLP.. SSR linkage maps of maize (Zea mays L.) were constructed.166 F2:3 lines which came from the same population were grown in a 13 x 13 cL-lattice design of one-row plots with three replication in Chengdu and Yaan, and evaluated for plant height(PH), ear height(EH),ear length(EL), rare ear length(REL),row number(RN),kemel number roW?KNR),ear diameter(ED),cob diameter(CD),kernel depth(KD),300 kernel weight(KW),grain%(G)and grain weight plof?GWP). QTLs were identified and genetic effects and gene action were determined for each trait. The results were as follows: 1. 135 genomic or cDNA probes were used to detect the RFLPs between parents 48-2 and 5003, 115 of which could indicate the polymorphisms at a rate of 85.2%. A RFLP linkage map was constructed on which 116 loci of 109 RFLPs except 6 markers of the distorted segregation distribute among 10 linkage groups and span maize genome about 2210.0cM with average distance between markers being 19.1cM. 2. 131 SSR primers were used to detect the SSR polymorphisms between parents 48-2 and 5003, 81 primers indicating the polymorphisms were used in analysising F2 population, A SSR linkage map was constructed on which 83 loci of 81 SSR primers distribute among 10 linkage groups and span maize genome about 1997.0cM with average distance between markers being 24.1cM. 3. Using the same 109 RFLP marker and 81 SSR primers, A molecular genetic linkage map was constructed on which 199 loci of 190 markers distribute among 10 linkage groups and span maize genome about 2984.1cM with average distance between markers being 15.1cM. 4. With interval mapping procedure, 59 QTLs were identified for 12 quantitative traits through a linkage map constructed with 116 RFLP loci and 83 SSR loci. Each trait is controlled by 3? QTLs. The single QTL accounts for 8.4? 42.2% of the phenotypic variation. The total QTLs detected in each trait accounts for 19.5?0.9% of the phenotypic variation. c 5. There are 4, 5, 5, 5, 8, 5 and 6 QTLs respectively detected in GWP, PH, EH, G, REL, ED, KD and the genetic variation is mainly controlled by the QTLs detected in these traits. The 4, 5, 5 QTLs are respectively identified in EL, CD, and KW which are partially controlled by QTLs of the trait. The gene effects of QTLs of RN and KNR is small. Partial dominance to overdominance is the primary mode of the gene action. 6. 59 QTLs are located on 33 marker regions of the 10 linkage groups on the molecular genetic linkage map. There are more marker regions on choromsomel, 3. 19 marker regions have only effects on single trait. 6 marker regions have respectively effects on two traits. The regions of bnlgl 083 , bnlgl 035, bnlS.45a and csu 16 play roles on three traits respectively while the regions of csu9, phiOS3, phiO22 control four traits respectively. The ncOl2 region plays roles on five traits.更多还原