【作者】 李圣华；

【导师】 严迪昌；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2001， 博士

【摘要】 由万历至崇祯末的晚明是中国历史上罕见的社会思潮剧烈动荡时期。当是时，自由与禁蔽、凋败与繁荣、新生与破灭种种情势共生相克，于黑暗迷乱中也蕴育着蜕变衍化之契机。此种态势波及诗坛，则造就了诗人们“用世”与“解脱”两大主旋律，其神智澄澈与道德困惑、狂健进取与放纵沉沦、精神内守与戾气外放等尖锐冲突因素又共同谱写出晚明诗歌多元灿烂、于中国古典诗歌史程上极为独特的一部乐章。 晚明诗歌，历经新生和破灭、争鸣和繁荣，诗人迭现，诗论横出，流派、群体竞流。晚明诗歌在创新与自立中，大致走过了一个独抒性灵、张扬个性——独拔隐秀、涤空孤诣——世运、性情、学问合一的主流变程。公安派标示独抒性灵之诗，在文学界推毂时代新思潮；竟陵派感于幽愤，以凄霖苦雨之声传递士人的现实幻灭之感和对“澄明”世界的追求；晋安诗派熔铸文学妙悟、性情，倡导革新；吴、越山人摒弃科举，以诗歌标示出个体存在；山左诗人在“闳音鸣世”理想幻灭后，走向愤世急怼；东林、复社、几社文人集团面对残酷现实，主张“实用”，追求世运、性情、学问相合一的诗歌道路，其中杰出之士更在天崩地解时代到来之际，激流勇进，以热血谱写爱国诗章。晚明女诗人则挟地域、家族文化传习之优势，以其独特的敏感和才华，向人们展示女性世界的悲欢愁郁，其规模之磅礴、态度之率真均为诗史上前所罕有。 基于上述状况，本专题撷取晚明诗歌为研讨对象，在前人研究之基础上，从回归诗歌自身的本体研究角度，描述此一时期的诗坛风会、诗歌创作，初步显现晚明诗歌发展史的全过程。作为古典诗歌史研究的深度展示，本文理所应当地扩大研究对象的范围，较全面地考察晚明诗史上出现的重要作家和流派、群体，在把握主流之外，使陈述接近历史形态；结合晚明文坛特异现象，如文人结社、文人集团、地域性因素、山人诗，来陈述诗坛状况、动态、特征；在现代对明诗的批评理论之上，重新整合，并在某些问题上反拨、清理有关批评失误。 论文由四部分构成：引言、正文、结语、附录。 正文共分十章。第一章从地域性因素、士人心态、文人结社、布衣山人诗四个角度，论述晚明诗歌演进、发展的特征。第二章至四章，论述晚明前期、中期诗歌主流：后七子、公安派、竟陵派及公安派先声徐渭、汤显祖、李贽之诗。第五章至八章，论述山左诗群、晋安诗派与江、浙诗 坛的概况和诗歌创作。第九章论述东林、复社、几社文人集团的形成与文学、学术、政治活动，复社、几社文人的诗歌理论和创作。第十章考察晚明女性诗界。 附录一《晚明文人结社考》列举晚明文人结社一百八十三种，附录二《晚明女诗人一览表》列晚明一百八十九位女诗人简略生平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poetry of Late LUng Dynasty had experienced a process of new life and made a greet success in poetry history of LUng Dynasty. The poetry was mainly featured by the innovation, which had an inseparable relation with the changing of times ideological trend. This thesis choose the main poets school and organizations and more than 40 famous poets during the Late Ming Dynasty as the objects of study, discusses the developing process of poets schools and organizations, poetry movements, and the changing of poetry theories, discovers the poets?lives and souls, aesthetic pursuing and creating styles. On the basis of these studies, figures out the main process of poetry history of Late Ming Dynasty.This thesis is divided into four parts: Introduction, Text which including ten chapters, the Conclusion, the Appendix. The Introduction explains the political and cultural conditions of the era, and the main characters of the poetry, points out the necessity of the more studies on poems itself today. Chapter one discusses some special phenomenon in the poetry history through four aspects, so to portray characters of the developing of poetry of this period. Chapter Two to Chapter Nine focus on the main poets schools and organizations which including: later Qizi; Gong抋n; Jinling school; Shanzuo poets mass; Jin抋n school; Donglin and Fushe and Jishe mass organizations, deal with not only their forming and developing features, but also the their poetry contents and styles. Chapter Ten discusses the women poetry. The Conclusion maintains that necessity of re梪nderstanding academics of this period, the poet抯 schools and organizations con梕xisting, the times character of the poets. The Appendix arranges 183 kinds of writters mass organizations and the brief life introductions of 191 women poets.更多还原