林西县贫困问题与反贫困问题的研究

【作者】 孙博；

【导师】 郭利华；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 中国少数民族经济学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 贫困是一种社会物质生活贫乏的现象,它是一种社会物质生活和精神生活的综合体现。由于各国对贫困的划分标准不同,不管是发达国家还是发展中国家都在面临着贫困问题的困扰。造成贫困的原因很多,如环境、观念、灾害和经济发展等,贫困问题是一个引起全球关注的社会问题,它是全球关注的焦点,消除贫困是当今中国面临的重大课题之一。通过几十年的努力,中国的扶贫工作取得了前所未有的成绩,但贫困问题特别是西部偏远地区的贫困问题依然面临严峻的形势,贫困现象已成为当前建设和谐社会的严重障碍。研究地区贫困和反贫困的问题是国内外专家学者的重要课题,本文在发展经济学与制度经济学相关理论的基础上,从民族社会学的角度对内蒙古林西县贫困与反贫困问题的研究。通过调查与分析,笔者认为林西县的贫困不仅是一种收入贫困,它是多方面贫困的综合体。内蒙古林西县是中国众多特困县之一,在研究的过程中笔者从各个方面剖析林西县贫困的原因,如产业发展、卫生医疗等。在研究林西县贫困问题的基础上,笔者试图探索在资源与环境约束背景下开发式扶贫模式在同类地区中实施过程所取得的成绩和存在的问题,希望得出导致开发式扶贫模式低效率的制度原因。在林西县的反贫困过程中,最主要的是因地制宜制定相关制度,实现软硬环境相适应。在研究分析基础上笔者提出林西县反贫困的路径创新,即构建以反经济贫困为主,反文化贫困为辅的扶贫新模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poverty refers to the lack of social materials and it is a comprehensive reflection of material life and spiritual life. Due to the different criteria for the classification of poverty, both developed countries and developing countries are faced with the poverty problem. Poverty results from various factors such as environment, concept, disaster and economic development and so on. It is a social issue of global concern and has been the focus of world attention. Nowadays, eliminating poverty is one of the most important tasks in China.Although China has achieved great progresses with long-time efforts, poverty problems, especially in remote western region, remain sever and has hampered the construction of harmonious society. Poverty and anti-poverty has become an important issue in domestic and foreign studies. Based on the theories in development economics and institutional economics, the present paper focuses on the problems of poverty and anti-poverty in Linxi County in Inner Mongolia from the perspective of ethnosociology. Through investigation and analysis, it is found that Linxi poverty is not only income poverty but a synthesis of various aspects of poverty.Linxi County is one of dozens of poor counties in China. In the research process, the author found out the causes for poverty from comprehensive aspects and attempted to explore the achievements and problems of development-oriented poverty alleviation under the constraints of resources and environment which had been carried out in the similar regions so as to find out the institutional reasons leading to the low efficiency of the method. It is most important for Linxi County to formulate relevant systems and regulations accordingly and realize the adaption of soft and hard environment. Finally the author proposed innovative ways to Linxi anti-poverty, which is constructing new anti-poverty mode dominated by the anti-cultural poverty with the supplement of anti-economic poverty.更多还原